考研英語閱讀理解命題思路透析和真題揭秘(33)

2000年P(guān)assage 3

When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right, it can hardly be classed as Literature.

This, in brief, is what the Futurist says; for a noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, of finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.

Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers:' Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.'

This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?

60. When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_____.
[A] determine its purposes
[B] ignore its flaws
[C] follow the new fashions
[D] accept the principles

[答案] A

[解題思路]

本題需要準(zhǔn)確理解題干的關(guān)鍵詞之一"novel"，在這里不是"小說"的意思，而是一個(gè)形容詞，意為與new相同。在確定了這一點(diǎn)之后可以對應(yīng)到原文第一句話"When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at"（當(dāng)一場新的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)形成某種時(shí)尚時(shí)，理應(yīng)弄清其倡導(dǎo)者的目標(biāo)所在），aming at正好對應(yīng)于A選項(xiàng)中的purposes，因而顯然A為正確選項(xiàng)。

[題目譯文]

當(dāng)一種新的文學(xué)思想出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，人們應(yīng)該試圖          。
[A] 弄清其目的
[B] 忽視其缺點(diǎn)
[C] 緊跟其潮流
[D] 接受其原則

61. Futurists claim that we must____.
[A] increase the production of literature
[B] use poetry to relieve modern stress
[C] develop new modes of expression
[D] avoid using adjectives and verbs

[答案] C

[解題思路]

關(guān)于未來派詩歌的一些創(chuàng)作主張出現(xiàn)在文章的第二段，其中第三句指出"This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression"（未來派詩人聲稱，這種加速的生活節(jié)奏需要一種新的表達(dá)形式），require a new form of expression即C選項(xiàng)中的new modes of expression，form和mode是同義詞，都是"形式"的意思。A和B選項(xiàng)都不是未來派詩歌的主張，而D選項(xiàng)的意思與該段第四句"We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress"（如果我們想詮釋現(xiàn)代生活的壓力，就必須加快文學(xué)發(fā)展的步伐）相反，因?yàn)椴⒉皇侵阜艞壥褂盟�有的形容詞和動(dòng)詞。

[題目譯文]

未來派詩人聲稱我們必須            。
[A] 增加文學(xué)作品的產(chǎn)量
[B] 用詩歌來緩解現(xiàn)代壓力
[C] 發(fā)展新的表達(dá)模式
[D] 避免使用形容詞和動(dòng)詞

62. The author believes that Futurist poetry is_____.
[A] based on reasonable principles
[B] new and acceptable to ordinary people
[C] indicative of basic change in human nature
[D] more of a transient phenomenon than literature

[答案] D

[解題思路]

第一段最后一句指出"With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right, it can hardly be classed as Literature"（然而，就未來派詩歌而言，情況卻相當(dāng)不同，因?yàn)闊o論未來派詩歌為什么--即使承認(rèn)其理論根據(jù)可能正確--也很難稱之為文學(xué)），同時(shí)最后一段第一句也進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)"This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature"（盡管這符合未來派詩歌的規(guī)則和要求，卻很難被歸入文學(xué)之列），說明作者并不認(rèn)為未來派詩歌可以算作文學(xué)，對其持否定態(tài)度，因此A選項(xiàng)不正確。B選項(xiàng)也是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)槲恼轮胁�為涉及普通人對于未來派詩歌的看法。C選項(xiàng)對應(yīng)于原文最后一句話"The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed"（實(shí)際問題是：我們真的發(fā)生了根本上的變化嗎），但原文只是指出了一個(gè)疑問，并無定論，因而C選項(xiàng)也是錯(cuò)誤的。D選項(xiàng)則符合作者的觀點(diǎn)，未來派詩歌只會曇花一現(xiàn)，不會立足于文學(xué)界。

[題目譯文]

作者認(rèn)為未來派詩歌是            。
[A] 給予合理的原則
[B] 對于普通百姓來說是新穎和易于接受的
[C] 暗示者人性的基本變化
[D] 與其說是文學(xué)，不如說是一種短暫現(xiàn)象

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