考研英語寫作24分講座講義之幾種主要信函的寫法

　　1. 幾種主要信函的寫法

　　英文書信主要分為事務書信和個人書信兩種，前者是單位與單位之間或個人與單位之間來往的信件，后者是親朋好友之間的來往信件。事務書信包括申請信、推薦信、求職信、訂購信等等;個人書信包括慰問信、祝賀信、道歉信以及一般的個人信等等。在格式和語體方面，事務書信比較正規(guī)，而個人書信則比較隨便。在這部分中，我們結合信函的實用程度和考研作文對篇幅的一般要求選取了五種我們認為有可能成為考研作文命題對象的信函。

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　　⑴ 求職信

　　求職信是用來向某一單位求取一份工作的信函，它屬于廣義的申請信的一種。之所以將求職信與其他類型的申請信分開來寫，是因為其目前應用的普遍性和重要性，因此希望考生給予足夠的重視。

　　寫求職信時，要注意以下幾點：

　　首先，措辭要禮貌，對求職單位要加以一定的褒揚，并表示對該單位的向往之情，希望能到該單位工作。

　　第二，簡潔、明了、具體地說明自己的能力和條件。因為求職信通常是跟簡歷一起寄給用人單位的，所以在信中提到自己的能力和條件時，不是要簡單重復簡歷中已有的內(nèi)容，而是要用簡潔、明了、具體的語言提出自己特別突出的或者可能引起用人單位特別的注意的能力和條件。

　　第三，對于要求取的工作崗位，要特別寫明，給用人單位一個考慮選擇的機會。

　　第四，要突出招聘者的利益，不要一味強調(diào)自己的需要和期望。

　　求職信一般分為三個部分來寫，至于分成幾段，沒有嚴格的要求。第一部分說明從哪里得到的關于這份工作的信息，又或者寫信人只是投求職信碰碰運氣。

　　第二部分主要是推銷自己，表達自己對應聘職位的興趣以及介紹自己的最突出的能力和條件。如果求職者對應聘職位沒有太多的了解，可以特別表達一向愿意接受新挑戰(zhàn)的愿望，并強調(diào)一下自己在適應新環(huán)境、處理人際關系方面的能力。

　　最后一部分當然是表達一下希望，例如希望能得到面試的機會。

　　下面給出一封齊頭式的求職信，省略了信頭和信內(nèi)地址，從稱呼開始。

　　Dear Sir or Madam:

　　I am writing in response to the advertisement you placed in the Sunday paper for a sales manager in your company. Your company has a reputation for producing high-quality products like Mandolin network system. I am interested in joining such a professional organization.

　　As you can see from the enclosed resume, my previous work in an export company has provided me with lots of opportunities to contact all kinds of customers and suppliers home and abroad. By communicating with them, I have got very familiar with the international trade and the current market. Besides, my educational training at university concentrated also on international trade which equipped me with a solid foundation in sales and trade.

　　As such, I believe that my service could be of great benefit to your company in terms of customer relation and new business connections.

　　I hope to have an opportunity to meet your human resource manager in order to let you know more about me. I enclose a resume and could be available for an interview at your convenience. Looking forward to hearing from you and thank you for your consideration.

　　Sincerely yours,

　　J.S. Wu

　�、� 其他申請信

　　當一個人想得到某種機會或某些東西，如申請得到獎學金、求學、申請出國簽證等，往往通過申請信來請求。

　　寫申請信的時候一般應注意以下幾點：

　　首先，語氣要誠摯友好，措辭要嚴謹，千萬不要表現(xiàn)出強求的意思。

　　第二，對于申請的內(nèi)容和原因一定要寫得非常清楚，不能含糊。

　　第三，盡管不能表現(xiàn)出強求的意思，但是期望得到的心情一定要表達出來。

　　申請信如何分段，也沒有嚴格的規(guī)定，其內(nèi)容一般應包括以下幾個部分：明確是在寫申請;申請的具體內(nèi)容和緣由;自己的情況和條件;提出要求，如回信、面試等等。每一部分都要做到清晰、簡明。

　　對于不同的申請內(nèi)容，在介紹自己情況的時候也要有不同的側重。例如在求學信中，應比較側重介紹自己已有的學位及專業(yè)情況;在申請留學經(jīng)濟資助的信中，應著重介紹自己的學業(yè)及學術水平，因為國外很多學校頒發(fā)獎學金是以此為標準的。

　　以下是兩封申請信，第一封是求學信，另一封是申請留學資助的，第一封信用的是齊頭式，第二封信用的是縮進式，信頭和信內(nèi)地址都已省略。

　　Dear Sir or Madam:

　　I am writing to apply for admission to your university to pursue my M.S. degree. I have read the annual prospectus issued by your university and found that it has the best graduate program of chemistry. I am greatly interested in the program.

　　I graduated in 1997 from Beijing University, majoring in Chemistry and holding a B. S. degree. At university, I took many fundamental courses in Chemistry and my English is excellent as I had served as the head of English Association for two years. Since then I have been teaching Chemistry in Beijing Normal University. Through my teaching experience, I have not only deepened my understanding in this field, but mastered many complicated research skills as well.

　　Two of my former professors and the present dean of our department have kindly written letters of recommendation for me, as enclosed with this letter.

　　Could you please send me the necessary forms and any information about financial aid in your program?

　　Thank you very much. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

　　Sincerely yours,

　　Fan Wei

　　Dear Sir or Madam:

　　I wish to apply for admission to your department as a graduate student. I am writing to ask whether it will be possible for you to grant me a full scholarship, considering my academic record and the fact that I have no relatives or friends in America who can act as my sponsor.

　　I completed a four-year course in chemistry at Beijing University last June. During my four years in the university, I have passed all the required courses of study with satisfactory marks. With Chemistry as my major, I minored in Physics and Mathematics. Enclosed herewith is my transcript from the department concerned.

　　My English is very good. I have been learning English since early childhood with the help of my father who is a professor of English in Fudan University, Shanghai. I therefore believe that I will not have language difficulties while studying in the United States.

　　I should be most grateful if you would give my request favorable consideration. Thank you very much and look forward to your reply.

　　Sincerely yours,

　　Wu Li

　　最后列舉一些寫申請信常用的表達法，供考生參考：

　　I am writing to you because I wish to …

　　I am writing to ask whether you could send me some information about your college and the application forms …

　　I am a graduate from …，I am very interested in …

　　Please send me all relevant information concerning the program you offer.

　　I should be most grateful to you if you would send me …

　　I would appreciate very much if you could send me …

　　Thank you for your consideration and I look forward to your favorable reply.

　　Enclosed in this letter please find three letters of recommendation and a certified copy of my transcript.