真題詳解

　　例1  (07.50) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.

　　翻譯：雖然來自于律師的評(píng)論和反應(yīng)可以增強(qiáng)故事，（但是）對(duì)記者來說，最好還是憑借自己對(duì)重要性的理解來做出自己的判斷。

　　例2 (04.50)  Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.

　　翻譯：Whorf 逐漸相信一種語言決定論，它最強(qiáng)烈的說法認(rèn)為語言禁錮了思維，也認(rèn)為語言的語法模式對(duì)社會(huì)的文化會(huì)產(chǎn)生意義深遠(yuǎn)的結(jié)果。

　　例3  (02.49) Freedom and dignity are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.

　　翻譯：自由和尊嚴(yán)是傳統(tǒng)理論中的自制的人的擁有物。 它們對(duì)（個(gè)人對(duì)其行為負(fù)責(zé)和對(duì)其成就給予稱贊）的實(shí)踐至關(guān)重要。

　　例4  (08.49) Darwin adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”

　　翻譯：達(dá)爾文謙虛地補(bǔ)充說，可能他在以下兩方面優(yōu)于普通人：一是注意到那些容易被忽略的事物，二是仔細(xì)地觀察它們。

　　例5 (07.49)  In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.

翻譯：事實(shí)上，看到（沒有清楚理解加拿大憲法的基本特征的記者能做關(guān)于政治新聞報(bào)道有能力的工作）是困難的。

翻譯難點(diǎn)

　　難點(diǎn)1

　　例1 (06.47) The intellectual’s function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

　　翻譯：知識(shí)分子的作用與法官的作用一樣，必須承擔(dān)如下責(zé)任：盡可能用明顯的方式來揭示引導(dǎo)他得出決定的推理過程。

　　例2 (08.46)  Darwin believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.

　　翻譯：達(dá)爾文相信，這個(gè)困難可能會(huì)有一個(gè)補(bǔ)充性的優(yōu)勢(shì)，即迫使他花更多時(shí)間更專心地思考每一個(gè)句子，因而使他能覺察到（在推理和他自己觀察方面的）錯(cuò)誤  。

　　例3 (07.48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.

　　難點(diǎn)2

　　例1 (06.49) But average scientist’s primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.

　　翻譯：如同（我們）不能期望商人會(huì)把精力投入到探索商業(yè)行為的規(guī)則中，普通科學(xué)家的首要任務(wù)同樣也不是去思考控制他行為的道德規(guī)范。

　　例2(06.48)  I have excluded average scientist because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.

　　翻譯：我已經(jīng)排除了普通的科學(xué)家，盡管他的成績可能有助于道德問題的解決，因?yàn)樗�只不過承擔(dān)處理那些問題的事實(shí)方面的任務(wù)。  

　　難點(diǎn)3

　　例1 (05.49) Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice.

　　翻譯：創(chuàng)造一個(gè)“歐洲特性”（這種特性尊重不同的文化和傳統(tǒng)，而這些文化和傳統(tǒng)組成舊大陸的聯(lián)系結(jié)構(gòu)），這不是一個(gè)容易的任務(wù)，同時(shí)也需要策略性的選擇。

　　例2 (03.47) Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.

　　翻譯：社會(huì)科學(xué)是知識(shí)探究的一個(gè)分支，它試圖以同樣理性的，有條理的，系統(tǒng)的和客觀的方式研究人類及其活動(dòng)，這種方式是自然科學(xué)家用來研究自然現(xiàn)象的。 

　　例3 (07.47)  Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. （47）On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.

　　翻譯：另一方面，法律把這些概念與日�，F(xiàn)實(shí)聯(lián)系到一起，這與（記者日常報(bào)道和評(píng)論新聞時(shí)形成）的做法相同。  

　　難點(diǎn)4

　　例1 (06.46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic(蘇格拉底) way about moral problems.

　　翻譯：我將把他定義為這樣的一個(gè)人：它已經(jīng)選擇（以蘇格拉底的方式去思考道德問題）作為他人生中最主要的責(zé)任和樂趣。

　　例2 (08.48) On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.

　　翻譯：另一方面，某些批評(píng)者認(rèn)為雖然他是個(gè)好的觀察者，但沒有推理能力。他認(rèn)為他的批評(píng)者所做出的評(píng)價(jià)是沒有根據(jù)的。

　　難點(diǎn)5

　　例1  Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.

　　翻譯：政府應(yīng)該通過減少對(duì)技術(shù)的財(cái)政支出來增加對(duì)純科學(xué)的財(cái)政支出，還是反過來，這取決于一個(gè)問題：哪一個(gè)被看作是驅(qū)動(dòng)力量。 

　　例2 (02.50) Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.

　　翻譯：直到這些問題被解決了，（否則）行為技術(shù)將繼續(xù)被拒絕，同時(shí)伴隨著該情況，解決我們問題的唯一方法（也會(huì)被拒絕）。

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