(2) 了解段落細(xì)節(jié)后，從試題中“and”前(或后)詞義推斷。

　　例1. and Climate

　　Low�瞝ying Singapore Island has no outstanding relief (輪廓鮮明的) features. A central area of hills rises to the maximum height of 176 m. The country has a wet tropical climate, with an average annual temperature of 27.2 ℃. The average annual rainfall is 2,413 mm; the wettest months are November through January.

　　(Answer: Land)

　　看了這段文字，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)該段沒(méi)有主題句。但如果把細(xì)節(jié)歸納起來(lái)，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)前兩句講到新加坡島的地勢(shì)情況，接下來(lái)敘述的是該國(guó)的氣候情況。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題中and 后面給出的climate (氣候) 一詞可以推斷出前面應(yīng)該填 Land (地形)。

　　例2. Importance of and Training

　　Not all skills are inborn, however. Some people have invested in training and schooling to improve their knowledge and skills. When we go to school, we are investing in human capital that we expect to yield dividends, partly in the form of higher wages, later on. Human capital is also produced through on�瞭he�瞛ob training.

　　(Answer: Education)

　　這段文字似乎沒(méi)有一句可以提取概括全段的中心句。小標(biāo)題中and后面給出提示詞“training”，第二句與training 并列中用“and”連接的是“schooling”，第三句中又出現(xiàn)了“When we go to school”，與最后一句中“on�瞭he�瞛ob training”遙相呼應(yīng)，形成又一組并列。這樣就可以輕而易舉地確定小標(biāo)題中“and”前應(yīng)該是“教育”的名詞，所以答案確定。

　　例3. Pronunciation and of Words

　　Pronunciation is settled by common agreement of the community or group speaking the particular language or dialect. For standard pronunciations of words, a dictionary is your best friend. The usage of words is somewhat the same as pronunciation. To be accurate in your use of words is very important in your conversation. Dictionaries usually provide the usage of words. So whenever you meet with new words, it is a good idea to look them up in the dictionary.

　　(Answer: Usage)

　　本段小標(biāo)題中and之前出現(xiàn)的單詞是“pronunciation”，那么就要找出本段與pronunciation并列的單詞的另一個(gè)方面。閱讀段落內(nèi)容后，可知段落前二句涉及的是單詞的讀音“pronunciation”，而后四句涉及到的是單詞的“usage”即用法。更重要的是文中第三句明確地把“usage”與“pronunciation”并列起來(lái)，因此確定為答案。

　　3. 重要信息暗示題

　　這類題是指選取段落中多次出現(xiàn)的同義詞的原形或同義異性、同義異形詞即可解出答案的題目。

　　例1. of Adult Education

　　The earliest programs of organized adult education arose in Great Britain in the 1798, with the founding of an adult school in Nottingham and a mechanics�� institute in Glasgow. The earliest adult education institution in the United States was founded by Benjamin Franklin and some friends in Philadelphia in 1740.

　　(Answer: Early Days)

　　本段中介紹了早期的有組織的成人教育計(jì)劃。文中出現(xiàn)了兩次earliest一詞，但都是指最早出現(xiàn)的某所學(xué)校。

　　例2. in the U.S. Airlines

　　During the 1970s the number of domestic passengers on U.S. airlines increased about 78%, and during the 1980s the figure was up about 58%. In 1990 there were 41.8 million international passengers; the figure was a 75% increase over 1980. The total cargo flown by U.S. airlines almost doubled during the 1980s, from 5.7 billion to 10.6 billion ton�瞞iles in 1990.

　　(Answer: Rapid Growth)

　　本段主要陳述美國(guó)航空客運(yùn)量和貨運(yùn)噸位的增長(zhǎng)情況。全段并沒(méi)有中心主題句，但每一句都出現(xiàn)了“增長(zhǎng)”的字樣：第一句里有“increased”和“was up”，第二句又出現(xiàn)“a...increase over”，第三句出現(xiàn)“doubled”(翻倍)的字樣，這些都提示我們?cè)谛��?biāo)題上要有的名詞是增長(zhǎng)，即“Growth”。

　　例3. Earthquake

　　Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vast amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from major fires which are initiated by the quake.

　　(Answer: Destruction)

　　本段主要講了易發(fā)生地震的區(qū)域及地震所帶來(lái)的破壞。文中表示“破壞”的詞反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。第一句中就出現(xiàn)了答案“destruction”，第二句中有形容詞“damaging”，第三句中又出現(xiàn)了答案詞“destruction”,第四句中又有“collapse”坍塌一詞，最后一句中又有表示“破壞”的名詞“damage”。由于“破壞”一詞反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，便可找出以“de”開(kāi)頭的詞“destruction”。

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