考研英語試題中遍布大篇閱讀,且閱讀中難免會出現(xiàn)陌生詞匯。很多時候,考生因糾結(jié)于陌生詞匯的具體含義而影響對閱讀文章的大方向理解,進而影響做題質(zhì)量。今天是考研備考的最后第23天,都教授將重點跟大家分享一下該如何在閱讀語境中去猜測詞匯的含義,時間雖然緊迫,希望各位考生能認真學習。
語境指的是單詞所在的語言環(huán)境,即上下文。單詞的意思往往是由語境決定的。根據(jù)語言學的相關(guān)理論,對語境的理解涉及“所指”、“預設”、“會話含義”和“推理”!八浮本褪侨藗冇媚撤N表達方式指涉某個事物或物體。
【例】A survey asked British mums who work outside the home what they would most like for Mother’s Day. And what did they reply? “Flowers? Chocolates? Dinner in Paris?”No, what 72% wanted was this: a little bit of time to myself. 其中,to myself 指代的就是前文的mums!邦A設”是指雙方面的知識背景。要理解原文的含義,就要對文章的背景知識有所了解,這樣才能做到準確理解!皶捄x”指的是文章的言外之意,而“推理”則是理解原文不可缺少的過程。理解要從上下文出發(fā),要以上下文為基礎,要根據(jù)語境理解或者選擇詞匯的具體意思。
下面,是一些根據(jù)語境猜詞義的練習,考生可根據(jù)練習掌握此項技能。
選擇與劃線單詞或短語意義相同或相近的選項。
1.That boy is suffering from unrequited love and pines away (因思念等病重虛弱,憔悴).
A.fervent B. obsessive C. secret D. unreturned
2.For a long time in that vast region, this law was in abeyance.
A.in active use B. in doubt C. in discussion D. in disuse
3.A court-martial has but recently decided to acquit him.
A. declare he is not guilty B. pardon him
C. condemn him D. persecute him
4. Researched have discovered that dolphins are able to mimic human
speech.
import B. imitate C. impair D. Humor
5. As a conductor, Leonard Bernstein is famous for his intensely
vigorous and exuberant style.
A.enthusiastic B. nervous C. painful D. Extreme
【參考答案】DDABA
希望通過今天的學習,希望各位考生都能熟練掌握根據(jù)語境猜詞義這一備考技巧。預祝各位考生旗開得勝,馬到成功!
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