閱讀作為考研英語的半壁江山,也是英語復(fù)習(xí)中的重難點(diǎn),在討論如何攻克閱讀大關(guān)的時(shí)候大家往往注意到的是長(zhǎng)難句、重點(diǎn)單詞之類的,不知道大家沒有注意過那些隱藏其中的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)呢,今天就帶大家一覽那些藏在標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)背后的"大文章"。
1、逗號(hào)
用于分割并列成分?佳兄攸c(diǎn):兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間,或者一個(gè)逗號(hào)之后,如果是補(bǔ)充說明成分時(shí),跳過不看。Eg. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition.
2、句號(hào)
、儆糜陉愂鼍,表示一個(gè)句子的結(jié)束, 起分割切分句子作用。
②用于某些縮略詞之后。比如Mr.、 Ms.、 etc。等等。如果句號(hào)作為簡(jiǎn)寫符號(hào)使用,那么這個(gè)詞語簡(jiǎn)寫前后面的符號(hào)應(yīng)該照常寫上,因?yàn)楹?jiǎn)寫號(hào)并非句號(hào),也不遵循句號(hào)的語法。比如Entreprise Co., Ltd或者I invited Tom, Jerry, etc。(注意兩個(gè)點(diǎn))
、塾米餍(shù)點(diǎn)
3、問號(hào)
考研英語閱讀文章中的問號(hào)一般都是設(shè)問的功能,只問不答,答案不言自明。Eg1. 考研難道沒有價(jià)值嗎?另外,如果開篇就是問句,那么則屬于問題答案型文章,對(duì)問題的回答就是全文主旨。
4、冒號(hào)
冒號(hào)前后是從抽象到具體的過程,后面進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明前面的內(nèi)容。
Eg.1997 passage 3 Q2
60. The word "pervasive" (Line 1, Paragraph 2) might mean ________。
[A] widespread [B] overwhelming
[C] piercing [D] fashionable
We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves。
5、分號(hào)
前后是并列關(guān)系,包括結(jié)構(gòu)上并列和語義上的并列。
For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopia has arrived. (2000 Passage2)
6、引號(hào)
①引用 ②強(qiáng)調(diào) ③諷刺
Eg1 "Scientific" creationism, which is being pushed by some for "equal time" in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science。
7、括號(hào)
①解釋說明生詞;②補(bǔ)充說明
Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. (1997,Text 3)
8、破折號(hào)
、僖粋(gè)破折號(hào)后面起補(bǔ)充說明或評(píng)價(jià)判斷。
I am an idiot - the stupidest kind of all。
"This book stands for reason itself。" And so it does - and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate。
、趦善普厶(hào)之間其補(bǔ)充說明,可先跳過不看。
In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part-other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia。
9、省略號(hào)
英文中的省略號(hào)的作用和漢語是一樣的。當(dāng)省略號(hào)在句尾并且有下文時(shí),應(yīng)該打四個(gè)點(diǎn),最后一個(gè)為句號(hào)。如:And it flew further, and further, and further.... Jorge smiled and turned back。當(dāng)省略號(hào)在句尾并作為語氣延長(zhǎng)的作用時(shí),應(yīng)使用修辭前的標(biāo)點(diǎn),如:Do you love me...?其余情況下使用三個(gè)點(diǎn)。如:The Martians...they just...just bombed our...our town, please send...more.
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