�、�.Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point for each item)

　　下列短文中有十個空白，每個空白有四個選項。根據上下文要求選出最佳答案。

　　In the English educational system, students 　11　 three very important examinations. The first is the eleven �� plus, which is taken at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the ability or aptitude 　12　 on the eleven �� plus would have determined if a child stayed in school. Now, however, all children continue in “ comprehensive ” schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the 　13　 of fifteen or sixteen, the students are tested for the Ordinary Level of the General Certificate of Education. This examination 　14　 a wide range of subjects; once students have passed this exam, they are allowed to specialize, 　15　 two thirds or more of their courses will be 　16　 physics, chemistry, classical languages, or whatever they wish to study 　17　 greater length. The final examination, at eighteen, covers only the content of the special subjects. Even at the universities, students study only in their 　18　 area, and very few students ever venture outside that subject again;　19　 a real sense, the English boy or girl is a specialist from the age of fifteen. This is supposed to be a 　20　 description about English educational system。

　　11. A.write　　B. take　　　C. make　　　D. mean

　　12. A.shown　　B. showing　　 C. show　　　D. to show

　　13. A.time　　 B. day　　　 C. date　　　D. age

　　14. A.relating　B. covering　　C. covers　　D.relates

　　15. A.since　　 B. so as　　 C. so that　　 D. because

　　16. A.in　　　B. at　　　C. with　　　D. for

　　17. A.in　　　B. at　　　C. over　　　 D. on

　　18. A.concentrating　B. concentrated　C. concentration　D. being concentrated

　　19. A.for　　B. in　　　 C. to　　　D. after

　　20. A.detailing　B. detailed　C. being detailed　　D. details

　　Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points for each item)

　　從下列每篇短文的問題后所給的四個選擇項中選出一個最佳答案。

　　Passage One

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage。

　　Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors (流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage。

　　Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem”.Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage —— a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed (畸形的) children or even grandchildren. Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far。

　　21. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that 。

　　A. it protects him against the harmful rays from space

　　B. it provides sufficient light for plant growth

　　C. it supplies the heat necessary for human survival

　　D. it screens off the falling meteors 【】