初一至初三全程英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)之二

初一年級(jí)（下）

【知識(shí)梳理】

I. 重點(diǎn)短語

1. a bottle of

2. a little

3. a lot (of)

4. all day

5. be from

6. be over

7. come back

8. come from

9. do one’s homework

10. do the shopping

11. get down

12. get home

13. get to

14. get up

15. go shopping

16. have a drink of

17. have a look

18. have breakfast

19. have lunch

20. have supper

21. listen to

22. not…at all

23. put…away

24. take off

25. throw it like that

26. would like

27. in the middle of the day

28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening

29. on a farm

30. in a factory

II. 重要句型

1. Let sb. do sth.

2. Could sb. do sth.?

3. would like sth.

4. would like to do sth.

5. What about something to eat?

6. How do you spell …?

7. May I borrow…?

III. 交際用語

1. —Thanks very much!

—You‘re welcome.

2. Put it/them away.

3. What‘s wrong?

4. I think so.

I don‘t think so.

5. I want to take some books to the classroom.

6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.

Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK.

9. What‘s your favourite sport?

10. Don‘t worry.

11.I’m (not) good at basketball.

12. Do you want a go?

13. That‘s right./ That‘s all right./ All right.

14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?

Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

15. We / They have some CDs.

We / They don’t have any CDs.

16. -What day is it today / tomorrow?

-It’s Monday.

17. -May I borrow your colour pens, please?

 -Certainly. Here you are.

18. -Where are you from?

-From Beijing.

19. What‘s your telephone number in New York?

20. -Do you like hot dogs?

-Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)

-No, I don‘t. ( I don‘t like them at all.)

21. -What does your mother like?

-She likes dumplings and vegetables very much.

22. -When do you go to school every day?

-I go to school at 7:00 every day.

23. -What time does he go to bed in the evening?

-He goes to bed at 10:00.

IV. 重要語法

1.人稱代詞的用法；

2. 祈使句；

3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成和用法；

4．動(dòng)詞have的用法；

5．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成和用法；

6．可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法

【名師講解】

1. That‘s right./ That‘s all right./ All right.

That’s right意為“對(duì)的”，表示贊同對(duì)方的意見、看法或行為，肯定對(duì)方的答案或判斷。例如：

"I think we must help the old man.""我想我們應(yīng)該幫助這位老人。"

"That‘s right."或 "You‘re right.""說得對(duì)"。

That’s all right.意為“不用謝”、“沒關(guān)系”，用來回答對(duì)方的致謝或道歉。例如：

"Many thanks." "That‘s all right."

"Sorry. It‘s broken." "That‘s all right."

All right.意為“行了”、“可以”，表示同意對(duì)方的建議或要求。有時(shí)還可以表示“身體很好”

"Please tell me about it." "請(qǐng)把此事告訴我。"

"All right.""好吧。"

Is your mother all right?你媽身體好嗎

2. make/do

這兩個(gè)詞都可以解釋為“做”，但含義卻不同，不能混用。make指做東西或制東西，do指做一件具體的事。

Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能為我做個(gè)紙船嗎？

He’s doing his homework now.他正在做他的作業(yè)。

3. say/speak/talk/tell

say：是最口語化的最普通的一個(gè)詞，意為“說出”、“說道”，著重所說的話。如：

  “I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他說，“我要坐汽車到那里去�！�

Please say it in English .請(qǐng)用英語說。

speak : “說話”，著重開口發(fā)聲，不著重所說的內(nèi)容，一般用作不及物動(dòng)詞 (即后面不能直接接賓語 ) 。如：

Can you speak about him? 你能不能說說他的情況？

I don’t like to speak like this. 我不喜歡這樣說話。

speak 作及物動(dòng)詞解時(shí)，只能和某種語言等連用，表達(dá)在對(duì)話中恰當(dāng)使用詞匯的能力。如：

She speaks English well.她英語說得好。

talk : 與 speak 意義相近，也著重說話的動(dòng)作，而不著重所說的話，因此，一般也只用作不及物動(dòng)詞， 不過，talk 暗示話是對(duì)某人說的，有較強(qiáng)的對(duì)話意味，著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話。如：

I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他談那件事。

Old women like to talk with children.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。

tell : “告訴”，除較少情況外，一般后面總接雙賓語。如：

He’s telling me a story.他在給我講故事。

tell a lie 撒謊

tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth.

Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.

4. do cooking/ do the cooking

do cooking 作“做飯”解，屬泛指。do the cooking 特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。cooking為動(dòng)名詞，不能用作復(fù)數(shù)，但前面可用 some, much修飾。從do some cooking可引出許多類似的短語：

do some washing 洗些衣服

do some shopping 買些東西

do some reading 讀書

do some writing 寫些東西

do some fishing 釣魚

從以上短語可引申出另一類短語，不能用some, much或定冠詞。

go shopping 去買東西

go fishing 去釣魚

go boating 去劃船

go swimming 去游泳

5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.

like doing sth. 與like to do sth. 意思相同，但用法有區(qū)別。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)一般性的愛好或者表示動(dòng)作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性；后來表示一次性和偶然性的動(dòng)作。例如：

He likes playing football, but he doesn‘t like to play football with Li Ming.

他喜歡踢足球，但是他不喜歡和李明踢。

6. other/ others/ the other/ another

other表其余的，別的，

  Have you any other questions?你還有其他問題嗎?

others 別的人，別的東西

  In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是

美國人,其他的是法國人。

the other表另一個(gè)（二者之中）one…，the other…

One of my two brothers studies English, 　the other studies Chinese.

我兩個(gè)哥哥中的一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)英文,另一個(gè)學(xué)中文。

another表三者以上的另一個(gè)，另一些

There is room for another few books on the shelf.書架上還可以放點(diǎn)書。

7. in the tree/ on the tree

in the tree 與 on the tree.譯成中文均為"在樹上"但英語中有區(qū)別。in the tree表示某人、某事（不屬于樹本身生長出的別的東西）落在樹上，表示樹的枝、葉、花、果等長在樹上時(shí)，要使用on the tree.如：

  There are some apples on the tree. 那棵樹上有些蘋果。

  There is a bird in the tree. 那棵樹上有只鳥。