句型變換復(fù)習(xí)·陳述句變疑問句

句型變換復(fù)習(xí)·陳述句變疑問句

1. 將陳述句改為一般疑問句

1) 若句中有系動詞(be)、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或have (作“有”講)時，將其提到主語前，句末用問號。例如

He is a first-year student.

→Is he a first-year student?

I have a pencil-box.

→Have you a pencil-box?

2) 如果謂語動詞是行為動詞，則在主語前加Do(Does或Did)，再將動詞還原成原形，在句末加問號。例如

He does morning exercises every day.

→Dose he do morning exercises every day?

They did some cleaning yesterday.

→Did they do some cleaning yesterday?

2. 將陳述句改為反意疑問句

反意疑問句是在陳述句后邊加上一個簡短問句，對陳述句所敘述的內(nèi)容提出相反的疑問，這種句子就叫做反意疑問句。反意疑問句可以表示真實(shí)的疑問，也可以表示提問人的傾向、強(qiáng)調(diào)或反問。如果陳述句是肯定句時，后邊的反意疑問句通常要用否定式；反之，如果陳述句是否定句時，后邊的反意疑問句通常要用肯定式。陳述句和后邊的反意疑問句的主語以及謂語動詞的人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)通常要保持一致。例如

He is a teacher, isn’t he?

He speaks English, doesn’t he?

Mary won’t do it, will she?

回答反意疑問句和回答一般疑問句一樣，肯定回答用“Yes, +肯定結(jié)構(gòu)”；否定回答用“No, +否定結(jié)構(gòu)”。這與漢語習(xí)慣有所不同，例如

—He’s a doctor, isn’t he? 他是醫(yī)生，對吧？

—Yes, he is. 對，他是醫(yī)生。(No, he isn’t. 不，他不是醫(yī)生。)

—He isn’t a doctor, is he? 他不是醫(yī)生，對吧？

—Yes, he is. 不，他是醫(yī)生。(No, he isn’t. 對，他不是醫(yī)生。)

在使用反意疑問句時，特別要注意以下幾點(diǎn)

1. 在動詞have當(dāng)“有”講時，可以有兩種反意疑問句形式

He hasn’t any sisters, has he?

He doesn’t have any sisters, does he?

當(dāng)have表示其他含義(如：經(jīng)歷、遭受、得到、吃……) 講時，只有一種反意疑問句形式

You all had a good time, didn’t you?

He often has colds, doesn’t he?

They had milk and bread for breakfast, didn’t they?

2. 如果陳述句的謂語動詞含有have to, had to時，反意疑問句通常用其他適當(dāng)形式

We have to get there at 8 tomorrow morning, don’t we?

They had to take the early train, didn’t they?

3. need既可以作情態(tài)動詞，又可以作實(shí)意動詞，注意有兩種反意疑問句形式

You needn’t hand in your paper today, need you?

You don’t need to hand in your paper today, do you?

4. 如果陳述句的謂語動詞含有used to時，也可以有兩種反意疑問句形式

He used to get up late, usedn’t / didn’t he?

5. 如果陳述句中出現(xiàn)never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nobody, no one, nothing 等含有否定意義的詞時，反意疑問句通常要用肯定式，例如

She seldom goes to the concert, does she?

He hardly writes to you, does he?

He has few good reasons for staying, has he?

You have nothing else to say, have you?