The door doesn‘t lock.
The door can‘t open.
This pen writes very well.
13.除助動(dòng)詞be可以構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)外,get, become等詞也可以+過去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)意義。
She was unhappy because she didn‘t get invited to the party.
(。)主謂一致。
主謂一致指的是句子的謂語動(dòng)詞與其主語在數(shù)上必須保持一致,句子的主語是第三人稱單數(shù),其謂語動(dòng)詞須用單數(shù),主語是復(fù)數(shù),則謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
1.主謂一致的三個(gè)原則。
英語中的主謂一致主要遵循三個(gè)原則:意義一致原則、語法一致原則和就近原則。這三個(gè)原則常常發(fā)生矛盾,但當(dāng)發(fā)生沖突時(shí),意義一致原則為優(yōu)先考慮的原則。
(1)語法一致原則:
主語和謂語通常是在語法形式上取得一致,即主語是單數(shù)形式,謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)采取單數(shù)形式;主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)采取復(fù)數(shù)形式。
She is a girl.她是女孩。
They are all girls.她們都是女孩。
The professor and writer is invited to many universities to deliver lectures.
這位教授兼作家被邀請(qǐng)到很多大學(xué)作報(bào)告。
(教授與作家是同一個(gè)人,是單數(shù).)
The old are very well taken care of in our city.老年人在我們城市被照顧得很好。( the old指所有的老年人,指一類人,為復(fù)數(shù)概念。)
(2)就近原則:
謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)由靠近它的主語決定。
There is a book,two pens and three pencils on the desk.
書桌上有一本書,兩支鋼筆和三支鉛筆。
There are two pens,a book and three pencils on the desk.
書桌上有兩支鋼筆,一本書和三支鉛筆。
Either my sisters or my mother is coming.
不是我的姐妹們就是我的媽媽要來。