英語語法　虛擬語氣專題訓(xùn)練及答案

1) If it hadn’t been for the doctor, he wouldn’t have recovered so soon.

2) If it were not for the lack of space, we would hold the sports meet today.

3. 有些條件是由一些短語引出的 (but for, with, without; otherwise, or, but, etc,)

1) We couldn’t have achieved so much without your help (= If we had not had your help).

2) Without solar radiation, animals and plants would die.

3) With better equipment, we could have done it better.

4) But for electricity (= If there were no electricity), there would be no modern industry.

5) I should have returned the book last week, but I was so busy that I forgot to do so.

6) He was having a meeting; otherwise he would have come over to help us.

7) He felt very tired yesterday, or he would have attended the party.

4. 在某些隱含的虛擬條件簡單句中, 虛擬語氣可通過上下文表現(xiàn)出來. 謂語動詞用虛擬形式.

1) Any men in his position would have done ｌｉｋｅ that.

2) You should (ought to) have come earlier.

II. 虛擬語氣祈使語氣的混合使用

在有些情況下, 條件從句中的謂語由”should + 原形動詞” 構(gòu)成, 這時主句的謂語動詞既可以是虛擬語氣或陳述語氣, 也可以是祈使語氣.

1. If it should rain, the plan will / would be called off.

2. Should anyone phone, please tell them I’m busy.

3. Even if (If) it should get stormy, I will go.

III. 表示要求, 建議, 命令的虛擬語氣

表示要求, 建議, 命令的從句中, 謂語動詞要用should + 原形動詞, 其中可以should 省略. 下列例句可以表示這種虛擬語氣.

a. 主賓語從句表示法: suggest, order, request, advise, require, insist, ask, demand, command, propose等動詞后面的賓語從句要用原形動詞should + 原形動詞, 可以省略.

1. The doctor advised that I (should) take a rest.

2. The London dockers demanded that their wages (should) be raised.

3. He insisted that the meeting (should) not be put off.

l 當(dāng)suggest, insist 等動詞表示”暗示, 堅持說” 時, 其賓語從句中的謂語動詞不需要用虛擬語氣, 要用陳述語氣.

1. Are you suggesting that I am not suited for the job?

2. He insisted that he was innocent.

b. 主語從句表示法: 當(dāng)以上動詞用在下列句型中時, 主語從句也應(yīng)該用should + 原形動詞