2015中考《英語》知識點梳理：詞類

　　一.冠詞重難點：

　　1.a和an區(qū)別2.a加序數(shù)詞和the加序數(shù)詞3.定冠詞the用法4.不用冠詞情況5.in hospital/ in the hospital, in front of/ in front of, at table/at the table, by sea/by the sea, go to school/ go to the school, next year/the next year, a(the) teacher and writer/a(the)teacher and a(the) writer

　　二.名詞重難點：

　　1.中考常見的既可數(shù)又不可數(shù)的名詞歸納chicken小雞雞肉room房間空間exercise運(yùn)動練習(xí)light燈光glass玻璃杯玻璃 time次數(shù)倍數(shù)時間fruit水果種類水果study書房學(xué)習(xí)work作品工作fish魚肉種類orange橙子橙汁h(huán)air頭發(fā)幾根頭發(fā)集體名詞family, class, team, group, row, police2.中考常見的不可數(shù)名詞news advice weather fun information pity3.不規(guī)則變化的名詞man-men woman-women policeman-policemen foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese German-Germans4.單復(fù)數(shù)相同的名詞sheep deer fish people Chinese Japanese Catonese Portuguese5.只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞thanks,glasses, gloves, clothes, pants, trousers, shorts, socks,shoes,sneakers6.只能修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的詞many，several，a few，few，a (large)number of7.只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞much，a little，little，a great deal of，8.既能修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞some,a lot of，lots of，plenty of 9.名詞用法辨析：1、sport、game、match、race 2、festival、holiday、vacation3、journey、tour、trip、travel4、sound、noise、voice5、fish6. chick,chicken7. Clothes、cloth、clothing8. Game、sport9. .gold、golden10. Journey、tour、trip、travel ,voyage11. Photo、picture、drawing12. Problem、

　　question13. Road、path、street、way.14.work, works 15.green, greens 16.wood, woods 17.manner, manners 18..arm, arms

　　三.代詞重難點：

　　1.人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞之間轉(zhuǎn)換2.one和it的區(qū)別3.other,the other,another,others,the others,the rest區(qū)別 4..all,both,either,neither,none區(qū)別5.常見用法one—the other,both—and,either—or,neither—nor,not only—but also,so/neither+助+主，so/neither+主+助6.few、little、a few、a little7.many/much/too many/too much的用法

　　四.介詞重難點：

　　1.簡單介詞at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without2.by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of3.和動詞搭配agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about4.和形容詞的搭配afraid of, angry with, different from, good at5.和名詞的搭配answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to6. at, on, in(表時間)7. between, among(表位置) 8. beside, besides和except 9.in the tree, on the tree 10. on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way 11. in the corner, at the corner 12. in the morning, on the morning13. at the end of/by the end of,in the end14. as與like15. through與across16. by、in與with17.表示方式時間或地點介詞in、on、at

　　五.連詞重難點：

　　1并列連詞.and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor2. 從屬連詞that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as3. as far as 就… 來說4. hardly… when一… 就5. as soon as一 …就6.so-that和such-that7.not until8. because、as、since、for9. if、whether10. till/until與not…till/until11. prefer to…rather than…與prefer…to…

　　六.形容詞副詞重難點：

　　1.名前系后不定代詞后2.只做表語形容詞alone,asleep,afraid,awake,alive,well3.與make/keep/leave連用作賓補(bǔ)4. 形容詞副詞比較級5.特殊詞too much/much too,hard/hardly,free/freely,wide/widely,late/lately/latest,too/either/as well/also, whole

　　與all, tall與high, short與low, real與true, interested與interesting, good與well, nice與fine, quick、fast與soon, lonely與alone, other與else, gone、lost、missing living、alive、live、lively, sick與ill, the+形容詞, already/yet, hard與hardly, how/what用于感嘆句, sometimes、 sometime、 some times 、some time, before long, long before 6. no more、no longer、not...any more、no...any longer7. 形容詞和副詞的原級、比較級和最高級：1.原級用as-as-- 比較級用比較級 +than2.“比較級+and+比較級”“越來越……”。如：The weather is getting warmer and warmer.3.“the+比較級…,the+比較級…”表示“越…就越…”4、一般的形容詞或副詞的比較級前面可以加much/a little/even/still,5. “one of the +最高級+名詞(復(fù)數(shù))5. more than=over; less than=under.

　　七. 動詞重難點：

　　1.動詞的分類：實義動詞 連系動詞 助動詞 情態(tài)動詞

　　2、動詞詞形變化：原形 單三 現(xiàn)在分詞 過去式和過去分詞

　　 3、動詞八種時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時 一般將來時 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 過去進(jìn)行時 現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時 過去將來時

　　4、被動語態(tài)：說明主語與謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系

　　5、動詞短語

　　6,動詞的非謂語形式：動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞三種形式;其中分詞又包含現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種形式 動詞不定式：后面可跟動詞的不定式形式的情況

　　1.動詞：

　　agree to do同意去做afford to do買得起decide to do決定去做某事hope to do希望去做wish to do希望去做fail to do做某事失敗plan to do打算去做pretend to do假裝去做refuse to do拒絕去做would like to do想要去做want to do想要去做某事learn to do 學(xué)做prefer to do sth. 喜歡(愛)做某事sb. seem to do sth好像做某事want/would like to do sth. 想做used to do sth.過去常做某事

　　2.句型.

　　 allow sb. to do sth.允許某人去做某事asked sb. (not) to do sth.叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人去(不要)做某事follow sb. to do sth. 跟隨某人去做某事get sb. to do sth. 讓某人做某事warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)be amazed to do sth. 對做某事感到驚訝be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事be excited to do sth. 對做……感到興奮 be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事be glad/happy to do sth. 高興去做某事be/get ready to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做某事be sorry to do sth. 對做某事感到抱歉be surprised to do sth. 對做某事感到驚奇can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一個做某事的機(jī)會It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. 做某事(對某人來說)怎么樣It’s +adj. +(of sb.) to do sth.It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花費(fèi)某人多長時間做某事(�？�)It’s best for sb. to do sth. 對某人來說做某事是最好的It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的時候了too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能… ==not… enough to do prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 寧愿……而不愿……(常考)something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的東西Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很難/容易take turns to do sth. 輪流做……There is no time (for sb. ) to do sth.對(某人來說)沒時間做某事了There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 對某人來說沒必要做某事try/do one’s best to do sth. 盡力

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