Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:��

　　Grandma Moses is among the most celebrated twentieth�瞔entury painters of the United States, yet she had barely started painting before she was in her late seventies. As she once said of herself: “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.” No one could have had a more productive age.

　　She was born Anna Mary Robertson on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls.(“We came in bunches, like radishes.”) At twelve she left home and was in domestic service until, at twenty�瞫even, she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom five survived; her husband died in 1927.��Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby, but only switched to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a fair, and were soon spotted by a dealer who bought everything she painted. Three of the pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930's and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures: detailed and lively portrayals of the rural life she had known for so long, with a marvelous sense of color and form. “I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it.” she said.��

　　31.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?��

　　A) Grandma Moses: A Biographical Sketch��

　　B) The Children of Grandma Moses��

　　C) Grandma Moses: Her Best Exhibition��

　　D) Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists��

　　32.According to the passage, Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to ��____��. ��

　　A) decorate her home��

　　B) keep active��

　　C) improve her salary ��

　　D) gain an international reputation��

　　33.From Grandma Moses' description of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she was ��____��.��

　　A) independent B) pretty��

　　C) wealthy D) timid��

　　34.Grandma Moses spent most of her life ��____��.��

　　A) nursing B) painting��

　　C) embroidering D) farming��

　　35.In line 14, the word “spotted” could best be replaced by ____.��

　　A) speckled B) featured��

　　C) noticed D) damaged��

　　Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:��

　　The producers of instant coffee found their product strongly resisted in the market places despite their manifest (明顯的) advantages. Furthermore, the advertising expenditure for instant coffee was far greater than that for regular coffee.

　　Efforts were made to find the cause of the consumers' seemingly unreasonable resistance to the product. The reason given by most people was dislike for the taste. The producers suspected that there might be deeper reasons, however. This was confirmed by one of motivation research's classic studies, one often cited in the trade. Mason Haire, of the University of California, constructed two shopping lists that were identical except for one item. There were six items common to both lists: hamburger, carrots(胡蘿卜), baking powder, bread, canned peaches and potatoes, with the brands or amounts specified. The seventh item, in the fifth place on both lists, read “11b. Maxwell House coffee” on one list and “Nescafe instant coffee” on the other. One list was given to each person in a group of fifty women, and the other list to those in another group of the same size. The women were asked to study their lists and then to describe, as far as they could, the kind of woman (“personality and character”) who would draw up that shopping list. Nearly half of those who had received the list including instant coffee described a housewife who was lazy and a poor planner. On the other hand, only one woman in the other group described the housewife, who had included regular coffee on her list, as lazy; only six of that group suggested that she was a poor planner. Eight women felt that the instant�瞔offee user was probably not a good wife! No one in the other group drew such a conclusion about the housewife who intended to buy regular coffee.��

　　36.The fact that producers found resistance to their product despite the fact that they spent more advertising money on instant than regular coffee shows that ��____��.��

　　A) advertising does not assure favorable sales result��

　　B) companies spent more money on advertising than they should��

　　C) people pay little attention to advertising��

　　D) the more one advertises the better the sales picture��

　　37.In this instance, the purpose of motivation research was to discover ��____��.��

　　A) why people drink coffee��

　　B) why instant coffee did not taste good��

　　C) why regular coffee was successful��

　　D) the real reason why people would not buy instant coffee��

　　38.This investigation indicated that ��____��.��

　　A) 50 percent of housewives are lazy��

　　B) housewives who use instant coffee are lazy��

　　C) many women believe that wives who use instant coffee are lazy��

　　D) wives who use regular coffee are good planners��

　　39.On the results of this test, the producers probably revised their advertising to show a ��____��.��

　　A) lazy housewife using regular coffee��

　　B) hard�瞱orking housewife using instant coffee��

　　C) lazy housewife using instant coffee��

　　D) man obviously enjoying the taste of instant coffee��

　　40.Implied but not stated:��____��.��

　　A) Despite its advantages, most people disliked instant coffee because of its taste.��

　　B) The advertising expenditure for instant coffee was greater than that for regular coffee.��

　　C) Very often we do not know the real reasons for doing things.��

　　D) Taste is the principal factor in determining what we buy.

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