大學(xué)英語六級考試高分得主經(jīng)驗(yàn)談：閱讀理解

　　七、一般到個別

　　大多數(shù)的段落以主題句開頭，開門見山，點(diǎn)明主題，然后給出具體細(xì)節(jié)，或是用理由和實(shí)例來論證主題。例如：

　　My ambition is to go to college, but my environment does not allow me to do so. My father has been in some difficulty in supporting me even in the middle school, so it is certainly a greater difficulty for him to pay my expenses in college. And I have five brothers in schools. If I go to college, the burden will be too heavy for my father. Moreover, I am poor in science, and perhaps this will prevent me from being successfully assigned the entrance of a college.

　　八、個別到一般

　　這種段落是先給出具體細(xì)節(jié)，或是以理由和實(shí)例開頭，而后用概述全段意思的一般性評論作為段落結(jié)尾。

　　此外，還有定義法，這種方式是對某些詞、術(shù)語或抽象概念下定義。使用段落下定義往往先把一個詞限定為總屬詞類的一項(xiàng)，再把這個詞項(xiàng)和同類中的其他項(xiàng)目相區(qū)別。

　　閱讀題型

　　六級閱讀中的題型主要可以分為以下幾類：

　　一、細(xì)節(jié)題

　　細(xì)節(jié)題就是針對文章中的細(xì)節(jié)所出的考題。這些事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)主要包括：主要人物、主要事件、主要情節(jié)、主要過程、主要的原因和結(jié)果、主要的數(shù)據(jù)、主要的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。

　　有一些方法可以準(zhǔn)確地找到細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)：

　　A.找到中心思想，那么支持中心思想的事實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)就自然顯現(xiàn)出來了。

　　B.要明確所有事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)并不是同等重要的。與中心思想相聯(lián)系的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)是重要的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié);與中心思想無關(guān)，只是引起興趣的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)是次要的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)。要把重要的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)分開，因?yàn)�，出題的地方一般是重要的事實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)，這樣次要的部分就可以略去不閱讀了。

　　C.尋找段落的構(gòu)成及信息的排列形式。

　　D.要把作者的觀點(diǎn)與事實(shí)分開。

　　E.在閱讀的過程中要給自己提問(Who?Where?When?What or what happened?&Why?)

　　F.最后，要迅速地檢查一下所找到的事實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)，并加以總結(jié)。

　　細(xì)節(jié)題主要命題方式有：

　　According to the passage，it is…that…

　　The author describes…as…because…A chief factor in…is

　　根據(jù)分類，細(xì)節(jié)題一般有以下幾種形式：

　　1.詞性、同義詞、反義詞的轉(zhuǎn)換，這類題主要考查讀者對原文表達(dá)細(xì)節(jié)信息的詞匯、慣用法的正確理解，這是相對比較簡單的題目，只要在原文中找到支持選項(xiàng)的詞語即可。

　　2.同時(shí)利用詞語和句法的轉(zhuǎn)換。這類題目的正確選項(xiàng)與原文的表達(dá)不盡相同，一般會在詞語或句型上有變化，比如原文用的是雙重否定，選項(xiàng)中常常出現(xiàn)肯定的句式;或原文與選項(xiàng)互換反義詞。解這類題的關(guān)鍵也是要找對考點(diǎn)，因?yàn)闊o論怎樣變化，原文表達(dá)具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的信息與問題加選項(xiàng)的信息在意思上一定是相同的。

　　3.綜合細(xì)節(jié)題。需要將文章的信息與自己對主題的原有觀點(diǎn)和判斷相結(jié)合，綜合概括作者給出的各種細(xì)節(jié)。

　　4.排除型題型。要仔細(xì)找到每個選項(xiàng)的出處，一個一個地排除，這種題型沒有技巧可言，只要仔細(xì)就可以做對。

　　例如：

　　A single word emptied Surat' s usually swarming streets last week. Ignoring public - health officials' frantic appeals to stay home, residents began escaping the slum- ridden city, about 175 kilometers north of Bombay, by any means at hand. Doctors identified the disease, which has already killed more than 100 inhabitants,as pneumonic plague. Bubonic plague, the disease's more common form, is carried by fleas from rats---animals considered sacred by many Indians. Bubonic plague ravaged Europe in the 14th century, making itself infamous as the Black Death, and killed nearly 12 million people in India between 1896 and 1936. The even more lethal pneumonic form can also travel directly from human to human, causing high fever, a bloody congh and often death without hours. As of late last week, relief workers said roughly 500,000 of Surat' s 2.5 million residents had already fled.

　　The mass exodus raised worries of a full - blown epidemic.Officials tried to cordon off the city, hoping to prevent people already infected with the disease from carrying it elsewhere--especially to crowded Bombay, just three hours away by train. But containing the public's growing sense of panic was beyond the powers of belated separations and emergency shipments of antibiotics. An outbreak of bubonic plague, Indian' s first encounter with that disease since 1966, hit the area of Bombay shortly before the pneumonic virus arrived in Surat. Late last

　　week officials declared the bubonic contagion under control. Of the few score people known to have contracted the disease, none had died. But the pneumonic killer remained on the loose.

　　1. Surat was a______

　　A)big and crowed city.

　　B)poor and densely populated city.

　　C) city with a long history of plague.

　　D)busy city with narrow streets.

　　相關(guān)鏈接：2008年6月大學(xué)英語六級考試預(yù)測試卷精析

　　　　　　　經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享：征戰(zhàn)英語六級考試的戰(zhàn)火硝煙路

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