必讀：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試易犯的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤

　　1 . Sentence fragments

　　Make sure each word group you have punctuated as a sentence contains a grammatically complete and independent thought that can stand alone as an acceptable sentence.

　　我經(jīng)常看到句子成分不全，或者兩個(gè)句子不加任何連詞的用在一起的情況，出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因有兩個(gè)：

　　1是句子太長(zhǎng)，把作者自己搞暈了

　　2是有些人還不清楚兩個(gè)完整的句子不能排在一起而不加任何連詞。

　　還有一種情況是一個(gè)完整的單句帶有有連詞，卻沒(méi)有主句�；蛘邔⒁粋�(gè)主從句斷裂開(kāi)了。第二個(gè)例句就是此類。

　　Sentence Fragment

　　Tests of the Shroud of Turin have produced some curious findings. For example, the pollen of forty-eight plants native to Europe and the Middle East.

　　改正：

　　Tests of the Shroud of Turin have produced some curious findings. For example, the cloth contains the pollen of forty-eight plants native to Europe and the Middle East.

　　原句：

　　Scientists report no human deaths due to excessive caffeine consumption. Although caffeine does cause convulsions and death in certain animals.

　　改正：

　　Scientists report no human deaths due to excessive caffeine consumption, although caffeine does cause convulsions and death in certain animals.

　　2. Sentence sprawl

　　Too many equally weighted phrases and clauses produce tiresome sentences.

　　過(guò)尤不及，雖然我們強(qiáng)調(diào)句子要有一定的復(fù)雜性，但是實(shí)際上老米教授、專家從來(lái)不主張過(guò)長(zhǎng)的句子，讀者也不愛(ài)看。不過(guò)，要達(dá)到精確而又不啰嗦的表達(dá)，的確是有難度的。

　　Sentence sprawl

　　The hearing was planned for Monday, December 2, but not all of the witnesses could be available, so it was rescheduled for the following Friday, and then all the witnesses could attend.

　　[There are no grammatical errors here, but the sprawling sentence does not communicate clearly and concisely.]

　　改正：

　　The hearing, which had been planned for Monday, December 2, was rescheduled for the following Friday so that all witnesses would be able to attend.

　　3. Misplaced and dangling modifiers

　　Place modifiers near the words they describe; be sure the modified words actually appear in the sentence.

　　Misplaced or Dangling Modifier

　　When writing a proposal, an original task is set for research.(錯(cuò)位)

　　改正：

　　When writing a proposal, a scholar sets an original task for research.

　　原句

　　Many tourists visit Arlington National Cemetery, where veterans and military personnel are buried every day from 9:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m.

　　本句最后是一個(gè)dangling modifer懸虛的修飾成分，讓人產(chǎn)生誤解，此成分應(yīng)該靠近發(fā)出動(dòng)作的人或物

　　改正：

　　Every day from 9:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m., many tourists visit Arlington National Cemetery, where veterans and military personnel are buried.

　　4. Faulty parallelism

　　Be sure you use grammatically equal sentence elements to express two or more matching ideas or items in a series.

　　平行結(jié)構(gòu)是很容易出錯(cuò)的，在托福語(yǔ)法中也是出題點(diǎn)，這種錯(cuò)誤很容易被忽視。英語(yǔ)我們的是非母語(yǔ)，在語(yǔ)感上來(lái)識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤的可能就降低了。寫(xiě)作和檢查的時(shí)候注意主胃、動(dòng)賓的搭配、一致，主動(dòng)被動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)換。

　　Faulty parallelism

　　The candidate‘s goals include winning the election, a national health program, and the educational system.

　　改正：

　　The candidate‘s goals include winning the election, enacting a national health program, and improving the educational system.

　　原句：

　　Some critics are not so much opposed to capital punishment as postponing it for so long.

　　改正：

　　Some critics are not so much opposed to capital punishment as they are to postponing it for so long.

　　相關(guān)鏈接：備考四六級(jí)考試：英語(yǔ)單詞決不能“死記硬背”

　　　　　　　從2008年6月四級(jí)考試完形填空看完形解題技巧

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