5 第三點中動詞相應的名詞形式 + that引導從句,該從句同樣要用虛擬語氣,
謂語動詞形式為:(should)+ 動詞原形。
經(jīng)常用于這種結構的詞有:suggestion, advice, proposal, recommendation, motion.
6 以下一些表達方式所在的句子一定要用虛擬語氣。
or(表示否則), otherwise, unless, but for(若不是,若非)
當遇到含有以上四個表達方式的句子時,先要判斷該句是表示與現(xiàn)在、過去、還是將來事實相反,然后依照相應的虛擬語氣規(guī)則用法的形式來確定句子結構。
含有下面三個表達方式的句子體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣的形式是固定的:
lest(以免,防備), for fear that(惟恐), on condition that(在。。條件下)
它們后面句子的謂語動詞的形式都是:(should)+ 動詞原形。
7 it is time 是。。。的時候了。
這個結構有以下兩種變形形式,所用虛擬語氣形式都一樣:it is high time / it is about time.
這三個結構后面加的句子謂語動詞都用一般過去時來體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣。
8 注意以下兩種情況下should + 動詞原形中should不能省略。
這里should表示一種語氣,經(jīng)常被翻譯成“竟然”。
a. 四個動詞:think, believe, expect, suspect.
它們的否定或者疑問形式后面加句子,句子謂語動詞用:should + 動詞原形,should不能省略。
I don’t believe that he should be cheated. 我不相信他也會被騙。
b. it is a pity, it is a shame 真遺憾,it is strange 真怪
以上三個結構后面加的句子謂語動詞用:should + 動詞原形,should不能省略。
錯綜時態(tài)的虛擬語氣
錯綜時態(tài)的虛擬語氣即指主句和從句在表達是與什么時態(tài)的事實相反上并不一致(比如主句要表達與現(xiàn)在事實相反而從句要表達與過去事實相反),這種情況要采用“對號入座”的方法來處理,即主從句結構分別采用與其表達時態(tài)對應的結構。
60. If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _A_ now.
A wouldn’t be smiling B couldn’t have smiled C won’t smile D didn’t smile
2. If you had studied the problem carefully yesterday, _C_.
A you won’t find any difficulty now B you would not have found any difficulty now
C you would not find any difficulty now D you have not found any difficulty now
3. He would be studying at the university now if he _C_ the entrance examination.
A passed B have passed C had passed D should have passed
16. It is a shame that he _B_ that poor little girl!
A deceived B should deceive C deceive D deceiving
18. Mrs. bliss kept the door and the windows shut lest the noise outside _D_ her son’s sleep. [lest(以免,防備) 后面句子的謂語動詞的形式都是:(should)+ 動詞原形]
A would interfere with B had interfered with
C interfered with D should interfere with
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