英語四級新題型(閱讀)沖刺講義【新東方】

考試易犯的五大錯誤 翻譯高分攻略 新四級沖刺方略

第三課時

閱讀
    Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit（學分）which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester（學期）. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.
    For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organization arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.

26. Normally a student would at least attend ________ classes each week.
   A) 36                                 C) 20
   B) 12                                 D) 15
27. According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed ________.
   A) to live in a different university
   B) to take a particular course in a different university
   C) to live at home and drive to classes
   D) to get two degrees from two different universities
28. American university students are usually under pressure of work because ________.
   A) their academic performance will affect their future careers
   B) they are heavily involved in student affairs
   C) they have to observe university discipline
   D) they want to run for positions of authority
29. Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organisations probably because ________.
   A) they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study
   B) they will then be able to stay longer in the university
   C) such positions help them get better jobs
   D) such positions are usually well paid
30. The student organisations seem to be effective in ________.
   A) dealing with the academic affairs of the university
   B) ensuring that the students observe university regulations
   C) evaluating students' performance by bringing them before a court
   D) keeping up the students' enthusiasm for social activities

    Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
    During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you're 'hot'. That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues（自言自語）as: 'Get up, John! you'll be late for work again!' The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
    You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help. Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract（對抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before you usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam（鼓起干勁）and work better at your low point.
    Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn（呵欠）and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.

31. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ________.
   A) he is a lazy person
   B) he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
   C) he is not sure when his energy is low
   D) he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
32. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?
   A) Unawareness of energy cycles.
   B) Familiar monologues.
   C) A change in a family member's energy cycle.
   D) Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
33. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should ________.
   A) change his energy cycle
   B) overcome his laziness
   C) get up earlier that usual
   D) go to bed earlier
34. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will ________.
   A) help to keep your energy for the day's work
   B) help you to control your temper early in the day
   C) enable you to concentrate on your routine work
   D) keep your energy cycle under control all day
35. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
   A) Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one's energy.
   B) Dr. Kleitman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.
   C) Habit helps one adapt to his own energy cycle.
   D) Children have energy cycles, too.

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