大學英語四六級考試虛擬語氣詳解資料

　　五、條件從句中省略if 采用倒裝語序的情況

　　1、在if引導的表示虛擬的條件狀語從句中，有時可以把含有助動詞、情態(tài)動詞、be或have的虛擬條件句中的連詞if 省去，而將had , should, were 等詞提到主語之前，即用倒裝結構。

　　例如：

　　1). 原句：If she were younger, she would do it.

　　去If：Were she younger, she would do it. (把動詞were移到主語she的前面)

　　2). 原句：If he had tried it, he could have done it.

　　去If：Had he tried it, he could have done it.(把had移到主語he的前面)

　　3).Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams.

　　4).Were he to leave today, he would get there by Friday.

　　5).Were I in your place, I wouldn’t do that.

　　6).Had I seen the film, I would have discussed it with them last night.

　　假如我看了那部電影，昨晚我就可以和他們一起討論了。

　　7).Were I a bird, I could fly freely.

　　假如我是一只小鳥，我就能自由翱翔。

　　8).Should it rain next week the farmers would have a good harvest.

　　要是下周能下雨的話，農民們就能有個好收成了。

　　2、如果虛擬條件句中有were, had或should時，把它們放在if的位置上;但是如果條件句中沒有were, had或should不能用倒裝。例如：

　�、拧�Should it rain tomorrow, what should we do?　要是明天下雨的話，我們怎么辦呢?

　�、�、Were I you, I would have asked him for some advice.要是我是你的話，我就向他請教了。

　　⑶、Were he to do this work by himself, he would get a lot of money.如果他自己能夠做此工作，他就會得到一些錢。

　　3、在“開放式條件句”(open conditional clause)和讓步狀語從句中should是被省略了的。在這種情況下，如果if省略，動詞be與主語的位置要倒裝。如：

　�、�、If any person be guilty of a crime, the court shall have the right to appeal. (任何人犯罪，法院有權起訴。)

　　Be any person guilty of a crime, the court shall have the right to appeal.

　�、�、Whether she be right or wrong, she will have my unanswering support. (不管她是對還是錯，我都會支持她的。)

　　Be she right or wrong, she will have my unanswering support.

　�、�、____ ,I will take her as my wife.

　　[A]Were she rich or poor

　　[B]Being rich or poor

　　[C]Be she poor or rich

　　[D]Whether is she poor or rich

　　4、注意：有時虛擬條件句并沒來if 從句表示出來，而是用介詞短語(otherwise, or, without, but for)、上下文或其它方式來表示。

　�、�、We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.

　�、�、Without you help, I wouldn’t have achieved so much.

　�、�、But for your help, I would not have succeeded.

　　六、有時虛擬條件句的從句或主句都可以省略其中一個：

　　1. I could help you. (只有主句)

　　2. If I had time. (只有從句)

　　3. She should have come to the meeting. (只有主句)

　　4. If he had much more money. (只有從句)

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