2010年6月英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試閱讀難點(diǎn)關(guān)鍵句100句

　　第三部分(41-60句譯文)

　　41、對(duì)于針對(duì)美國(guó)黑人的種族歧視，他的理論相對(duì)成立得較好，但是他將種族偏見(jiàn)如此定義：“在某一特定區(qū)域內(nèi)的種族競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中被普遍接受的一個(gè)種族所受到的基于種族的負(fù)面偏見(jiàn)�！笨梢钥醋饕舶�含有對(duì)象加州的中國(guó)人以及中世紀(jì)的猶太人等少數(shù)民族的敵視。

　　42、加特曼確鑿地說(shuō)明黑人家庭的穩(wěn)定鼓勵(lì)了黑人文化遺產(chǎn)的傳遞和維護(hù)，這些遺產(chǎn)包括從一代傳到另一代的民間傳說(shuō)，音樂(lè)，和宗教表述，這些遺產(chǎn)使非洲和美洲的奴隸們特色顯著。

　　43、即使社會(huì)系統(tǒng)的民間知識(shí)中像掙錢，花費(fèi)，組織，婚嫁，政治活動(dòng)的參與，以及戰(zhàn)斗等等，都與從社會(huì)科學(xué)中衍生出來(lái)更加精細(xì)的社會(huì)系統(tǒng)描述相差不多，盡管它是建立在一個(gè)不太完善的個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)上的模型。

　　44、有幾項(xiàng)措施可以采取，其中主要的是要所有宣布以保護(hù)動(dòng)物利益為目標(biāo)的組織都明確宣布他們對(duì)于人類所受到的暴力襲擊表決堅(jiān)定的立場(chǎng)、

　　45、用其他方式來(lái)展示神經(jīng)類型的細(xì)微差別也是可能的，然而，要證明脈沖質(zhì)量和傳導(dǎo)受到這些差別的影響還缺乏證據(jù)，看起來(lái)這些差別影響的是神經(jīng)單元的發(fā)展形成方式。

　　46、根據(jù)這一理論，不是由感覺(jué)神經(jīng)脈沖的質(zhì)量來(lái)決定他們產(chǎn)生的各種神經(jīng)感覺(jué)的，而是由他們被發(fā)射到大腦的哪一部位來(lái)決定的，對(duì)這一觀點(diǎn)是有證據(jù)的。

　　47、磨擦的結(jié)果是，在葉面上服從正態(tài)分布的地方就會(huì)產(chǎn)生兩種分布方式，頂點(diǎn)上主要是小塊，其他的地方是小塊，其他的地方是大塊的地方。

　　48、圣經(jīng)沒(méi)有告訴我們羅馬的數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)者們?cè)鯓舆_(dá)到我們今天的經(jīng)濟(jì)預(yù)測(cè)的可靠性的，我們進(jìn)一步思考的話，其中的意見(jiàn)上有很大的不同。

　　49、在英國(guó)進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查證實(shí)經(jīng)常接受X光照射的脊椎關(guān)節(jié)炎患者癌癥的百分比高得不正常。

　　50、然而，穿過(guò)太空的港灣，那里的意識(shí)對(duì)于我們的來(lái)說(shuō)就像我們的意識(shí)比動(dòng)物的意識(shí)一樣，冷酷廣博而無(wú)情的智慧，用嫉妒的眼睛看作地球，慢慢地肯定會(huì)制定針對(duì)我們的計(jì)劃。

　　51、即使是學(xué)術(shù)界被長(zhǎng)時(shí)間認(rèn)作必須“同盟卡”的博士學(xué)位，現(xiàn)在也因?yàn)閮H僅為了學(xué)習(xí)本身和知識(shí)的累積而學(xué)習(xí)，卻不把知識(shí)應(yīng)用到教授的教學(xué)職責(zé)中去而受到了嚴(yán)厲的批評(píng)。

　　52、盡管收集必要的信息對(duì)于兩者來(lái)說(shuō)都是需要的，但官員必須以中立和清晰的態(tài)度來(lái)提供事實(shí)的畫(huà)面，而藝術(shù)家從已設(shè)字的信息或者態(tài)度開(kāi)始，并將其過(guò)用激發(fā)讀者共鳴和情緒反應(yīng)的詞語(yǔ)描寫(xiě)的動(dòng)用細(xì)節(jié)描述出來(lái)。

　　53、流行期刊中甚至有文章批評(píng)國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值，因?yàn)樗�并不是一個(gè)福利目錄，一方面忽視了它從來(lái)就沒(méi)有這種傾向，另一方面的建議是通過(guò)正確的改變它才能被轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)來(lái)。

　　54、其他的實(shí)驗(yàn)揭示神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的大小、數(shù)量、排列和連接的細(xì)微變化，但就神經(jīng)關(guān)聯(lián)而言，這些感覺(jué)區(qū)域的相似性比那些細(xì)微的區(qū)別更有意義可言。

　　55、中國(guó)向農(nóng)民和其它農(nóng)村住戶發(fā)放了宣傳刊物，指導(dǎo)他們觀察動(dòng)物，以便每戶人家都能參與幫助地震預(yù)報(bào)。

　　56、星球大戰(zhàn)防御系統(tǒng)的支持者們希望它不僅能保護(hù)一個(gè)遭受核攻擊的國(guó)家，也希望它能成為使核攻擊永不發(fā)生的足夠威脅。

　　57、它也不能防止軌道在地球大氣層以內(nèi)的洲際導(dǎo)彈和轟炸機(jī)命中目標(biāo)。

　　58、人民活動(dòng)家一直認(rèn)為黑人和拉丁美人難以在生意上立足的原因是因?yàn)樗麄冸y以取得大公司的大宗定單和分包合同。

　　59、她認(rèn)為十九世紀(jì)給家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)做出貢獻(xiàn)的孩子才“有用”的概念慢慢改變了，今天提到那些沒(méi)有掙取收入的“無(wú)用”孩子，甚至還要花銷很多，仍然在情感上被認(rèn)為是無(wú)價(jià)的。

　　60、這種關(guān)于孩子的觀點(diǎn)到19世紀(jì)時(shí)已在中上階級(jí)中建立，并于19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初在社會(huì)上廣泛傳播，當(dāng)時(shí)改革者們推行童工規(guī)定和義務(wù)教育法，部分來(lái)源于孩子的情感價(jià)值的假設(shè)，這都使得使用童工被禁止了。

　　61. Of course, it would be as dangerous to overreact to history by concluding that the majority must now be wrong about expansion as it would be to re-enact the response that greeted the suggestion that the continents had drifted.

　　62. While the fact of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: who were the consumers? What were their motives? And what were the effect of the new demand for luxuries?

　　63. Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufacturers and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what.

　　64. With respect to their reasons for immigrating, Grassy does not deny their frequently noted fact that some of the immigrants of the 1630’s, most notably the organizers and clergy, advanced religious explanations for departure, but he finds that such explanations usually assumed primacy only in retrospect.

　　65. If we take the age-and sex-specific unemployment rates that existed in 1956 (when the overall unemployment rate was 4.1 percent) and weight them by the age- and sex-specific shares of the labor force that prevail currently, the overall unemployment rate becomes 5 percent.

　　66. He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a “ step up” toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power.

　　67. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large, however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economy’s larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided.

　　68. However, when investment flows primarily in one direction, as it generally does from industrial to developing countries, the seemingly reciprocal source-based restrictions produce revenue sacrifices primarily by the state receiving most of the foreign investment and producing most of the income—namely ,the developing country partner.

　　69. The pursuit of private interests with as little interference as possible from government was seen as the road to human happiness and progress rather than the public obligation and involvement in the collective community that emphasized by the Greeks.

　　70. The defense lawyer relied on long-standing principles governing the conduct of prosecuting attorneys: as quasi-judicial officers of the court they are under a duty not to prejudice a party’s case through overzealous prosecution or to detract from the impartiality of courtroom atmosphere.

　　71. No prudent person dared to act on the assumption that, when the continent was settled, one government could include the whole; and when the vast expense broke up, as seemed inevitable, into a collection of separate nations, only discord, antagonism, and wars could be expected.

　　72. If they were right in thinking that the next necessity in human progress was to lift the average person upon an intellectual and social level with the most favored, they stood at least three generations nearer than Europe to that goal.

　　73. Somehow he knows that if our huckstering civilization did not at every moment violate the eternal fitness of things, the poet’s song would have been given to the world, and the poet would have been cared for by the whole human brotherhood, as any man should be who does the duty that every man owes it.

　　74. The instinctive sense of the dishonor which money-purchase does to art is so strong that sometimes a man of letters who can pay his way otherwise refuses pay for his work, as Lord Byron did, for a while, from a noble pride, and as Count Tolstoy has tried to do, from a noble conscience.

　　75. Perhaps he believed that he could not criticize American foreign policy without endangering the support for civil rights that he had won from the federal government.

　　76. Abraham Lincoln, who presided in his stone temple on August 28, 1963 above the children of the slaves he emancipated (解放), may have used just the right words to sum up the general reaction to the Negroes’ massive march on Washington.

　　77. In the Warren Court era, voters asked the Court to pass on issues concerning the size and shape of electoral districts, partly out of desperation because no other branch of government offered relief, and partly out of hope that the Court would reexamine old decisions in this area as it had in others, looking at basic constitutional principles in the light of modern living conditions.

　　78. Some even argue plausibly that this weakness may be irremediable : in any society that, like a capitalist society, seeks to become ever wealthier in material terms disproportionate rewards are bound to flow to the people who are instrumental in producing the increase in its wealth.

　　79. This doctrine has broadened the application of the Fourteenth Amendment to other, nonracial forms of discrimination, for while some justices have refused to find any legislative classification other than race to be constitutionally disfavored, most have been receptive to arguments that at least some nonracial discriminations, sexual discrimination in particular, are “suspect” and deserve this heightened scrutiny by the courts.

　　80. But as cameras become more sophisticated, more automated, some photographers are tempted to disarm themselves or to suggest that they are not really armed, preferring to submit themselves to the limits imposed by premodern camera technology because a cruder, less high-powered machine is thought to give more interesting or emotive results, to have more room for creative accident.