2012年12月英語四級(jí)考試閱讀習(xí)題及答案解析(5)

　　2012.12英語四級(jí)篇章詞匯閱讀篇(5)

　　Passage 5

　　The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens(雅典)in 1896 and only twelve nations participated. Besides the host nation man participants were tourists who __1__ to be in Greece at the time. Though the whole affair was __2__ and the standard was not high, the old principle of amateur sport was kept up.

　　Since then the games had been held every four years except during the __3__ of the two World War. This was __4__ a departure from the old Olympic spirit when wars had to stop and make way for the games.

　　The games have grown enormously in scale and __5__ performances have now reached unprecedented heights. Unfortunately the same cannot be said about their __6__ standard. Instead of Olympia, the modern games are now held in different cities all over the world. Inevitably politics and commercialism get involvedas countries vie each other for(為 ...... 而互相競(jìng)爭(zhēng)) the __7__ to hold the games because of the political prestige and commercial profit to be __8__ out of them. In the 11 th games held in Berlin in 1936, Hitler who had newly come to __9__ in Germany tried to use the occasion for his Nazi propaganda. For the first time the Olympic flame was brought all the way from Olympia to the games site in relays, a marathon journey now often taking months to __10__.

　　A) honour B) accomplish C) had D) moral

　　E) arrive F) occured G) end H) power

　　I) happened J) definitely K) Physical L) informal

　　M) interruption N) especially O) irregular

　　參考答案及解析:

　　1.選I)�？崭裰幸�填詞為who引導(dǎo)的定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞，可知此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的過去式�？蛇x項(xiàng)有had, occurred和happened,首先空格所在的who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾的是tourists“游客”，happened to be in Greece“碰巧在希臘”是符合這樣的語境的，而had to “不得不”和occur to表示“想起，想到”都不能使句意通順。

　　2.選L)。and引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)意思相近的并列結(jié)構(gòu)，由the standard was not high“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不高”可知，此處要填的是和not high語氣一致的形容詞，再由前兩句可知，參賽的國(guó)家很少并且有很多很多游客參加了比賽，這說明這次比賽沒有那么正式，選項(xiàng)中只有informal符合題意。選項(xiàng)irregular則一般表示“(形狀)不規(guī)則的，(安排)無規(guī)律的”，與句意不符，故排除。

　　3.選M)。從句中的except可知在兩次世界大戰(zhàn)中沒有比賽，說明的是奧運(yùn)會(huì)因戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而中斷。選項(xiàng)中有end和interruption可表示停止，end“終斷”，表示某事中斷后不再繼續(xù)，interruption“中斷”，表示某事中斷后仍然繼續(xù)，故選擇interruption。

　　4.選J)。本句主系表結(jié)構(gòu)完整，由此可知，此處應(yīng)填副詞，修飾整個(gè)句子。選項(xiàng)中有definitely和especially，從句意來理解，這......違背了古老的奧林匹克精神，將definitely“顯然地”帶入原文，符合原文的意思;而especially“特別地”表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，而此處表示的則是通過比較后得出結(jié)果，故排除especially。

　　5.選K)。奧林匹克比賽中的兩個(gè)最重要的方面就是競(jìng)技水平和運(yùn)動(dòng)精神，由grown enormously in scale可知，現(xiàn)在參加奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)規(guī)模漸大，運(yùn)動(dòng)員逐漸增多，因此應(yīng)理解為體育競(jìng)技水平達(dá)到了前所未有的高度，因此應(yīng)選physical。

　　6.選D)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。由Unfortunately和because of the political prestige and commercial profit可推出，不幸的是各國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)舉辦奧運(yùn)的目的是為了政治威望與利益，可見此處說明的是與體育成績(jī)相對(duì)應(yīng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的道德水準(zhǔn)沒有得到相應(yīng)的提高，選項(xiàng)中只有moral符合題意。

　　7.選A)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。各國(guó)爭(zhēng)奪舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)，to hold the games是一種實(shí)力象征，也是一種榮耀。選項(xiàng)中有honour和power可選，power一般指“(個(gè)人或團(tuán)體所掌握或獲得的)職權(quán)”，故排除power而選honour“榮幸”。

　　8.選C)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式，這里考查的是動(dòng)詞have的一個(gè)搭配用法即have something out of something“從......中得到......”，故這里選這C)had,表示“舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)帶來的政治威望和商業(yè)利潤(rùn)�！�

　　9.選H)。cme to power是固定搭配，意為“(開始)掌權(quán)，上臺(tái)”。

　　10.選B)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的原形�？蛇x項(xiàng)有accomplish,arrive和end,arrive一般指“到達(dá)(某地)”，end強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“(使某事)結(jié)束”，因此都不能與journey搭配，故排除arrive和end而選accomplish“完成”。

　　導(dǎo)讀：

　　The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens(雅典)in 1896 and only twelve nations participated. Besides the host nation man participants were tourists who I)happened to be in Greece at the time. Though the whole affair was L)informal standard was not high, the old principle of amateur sport was kept up.

　　Since then the games had been held every four years except during the M)interruption of the two World War. This was J)definitely a departure from the old Olympic spirit when wars had to stop and make way for the games.

　　The games have grown enormously in scale and K)physical performances have now reached unprecedented heights. Unfortunatelythe same cannot be said about their Dmoral stantard. Instead of Olympia, the modern games are now held in different cities all over the world. Inevitably politics and commercialism get involved as countries vie each other for(為......而互相競(jìng)爭(zhēng))the A)honour to hold the games because of the political prestige and commercial profit to be C)had out of them.(這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。主句中g(shù)et involved即為are involved,意為“被卷入進(jìn)來”，as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，從句中的動(dòng)詞不定式短語to hold the games修飾第7題應(yīng)填的名詞，而本句中又包含一個(gè)由because of引導(dǎo)的原因狀語，動(dòng)詞不定式to be...out of them修飾political prestige and commercial profit.)In the 11th games held in Berlin in 1936, Hitler who had newly come to H)power in Germany tried to use the occasion for his Nazi propaganda. For the first time the Olympic flame was brought all the way from Olympia to the games site in relays, a marathon journey now often taking months to B)accomplish. (本文最后一句是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的簡(jiǎn)單句�，F(xiàn)在分詞短語taking months to...修飾a marathon journey。)

　　全文翻譯：

　　第一屆現(xiàn)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)于1896年在雅典舉行，當(dāng)時(shí)只有12個(gè)國(guó)家參加。除了東道國(guó)之外，許多參賽者都是當(dāng)時(shí)碰巧在希臘觀光的旅游者。盡管整個(gè)比賽是非正式的，而且標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也不高，但奧運(yùn)會(huì)作為業(yè)余體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的古老傳統(tǒng)卻被保持下來了。

　　從那時(shí)起，奧運(yùn)會(huì)每四年舉辦一次，不過在兩次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，奧運(yùn)會(huì)停辦了。毫無疑問，這與古老的奧林匹克精神是背道而馳的，因?yàn)樵谀鞘�，�?zhàn)爭(zhēng)必須停下來為比賽讓路。

　　奧運(yùn)會(huì)發(fā)展規(guī)模巨大，體育成績(jī)已經(jīng)達(dá)到了前所未有的高度。不幸的是，奧運(yùn)會(huì)的道德水準(zhǔn)沒有得到相應(yīng)的提高。現(xiàn)代奧運(yùn)會(huì)已經(jīng)不再奧林匹亞而是在全世界各個(gè)不同城市舉行。由于舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)帶來的政治威望和商業(yè)利潤(rùn)，各國(guó)為爭(zhēng)奪舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)而相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，這樣就使政治和商業(yè)利益不可避免地卷入進(jìn)來。第11屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)與1936年在柏林舉行，剛在德國(guó)當(dāng)權(quán)的希特勒試圖利用這個(gè)大好時(shí)機(jī)進(jìn)行納粹宣傳。于是奧林匹克圣火第一次以接力方式----現(xiàn)在需要好幾個(gè)月才能完成的一段馬拉松路程----從奧林匹亞一直傳送到舉辦地點(diǎn)。

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