眾所周知，英語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由be＋及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。有人認(rèn)為似乎所有的及物動(dòng)詞都可轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)。其實(shí)不然，至少在某種意義上，有些及物動(dòng)詞不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
一、當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)是表示“擁有”、“容納”、“缺少”概念的及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)。例如：
1．The millionaire possesses great wealth．這位百萬(wàn)富翁擁有大量的財(cái)富。
不能說(shuō)：Great wealth is possessed by the millionaire．
2．The newly-constructed reservoir holds a lot of water．新水庫(kù)蓄水量很大。
不能說(shuō)：A lot of water is held by the newly-constructed reser-voir．
3．The house comprises five rooms．這幢房子有五個(gè)房間。
不能說(shuō)：Five rooms are comprised by the house．
4，John Smith always lacks confidence．約翰·史密斯總是缺乏自信心。
不能說(shuō)：Confidence is always lacked by John Smith．
二、當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)是表示“適合”的及物動(dòng)詞，如suit，become，fit等時(shí)，沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
1．The blue skirt becomes Mary very well．這條藍(lán)裙子瑪麗穿上去很合適。
不能說(shuō)：Mary is become very well by the blue skirt．
2．Will the date suit you？這個(gè)日子對(duì)你合適嗎？
不能說(shuō)：Will you be suited by the date？
3．We should fit our deeds to our words．我們應(yīng)該言行一致。
不能說(shuō)：Our deeds should be fitted to our words by us．
三、當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)是表示“相互作用”的及物動(dòng)詞，如：equal，mean，resemble等時(shí)。
1．No one equals him in intelligence．他的智力是無(wú)與倫比的。
不能說(shuō)：He is equaled by no one in intelligence．
2．Revolution means liberating productive force．革命就是解放生產(chǎn)力。
不能說(shuō)：Liberating productive force is meant by revolution．
3．The two boys resemble each other in appearance．這兩個(gè)男孩長(zhǎng)得相似。
不能說(shuō)：Each other is resembled by the two boys in appearance．
四、當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)是表示“明白”意義的及物動(dòng)詞，如：get，catch，take時(shí)，也沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
1．The boy said，“I didn’t catch the last two words．”這個(gè)男孩說(shuō)：“我沒(méi)聽(tīng)清楚最后兩個(gè)詞。”
不能說(shuō)：The boy said，“The last two words weren’t caught by me．”
2．I don’t take you at all．你說(shuō)的我一點(diǎn)也不懂。
不能說(shuō)：You aren’t taken by me at all．
五、動(dòng)詞have作“有、接受、度過(guò)、吃、經(jīng)歷”解時(shí)，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
1．I have five good dictionaries．我有五本好詞典。
不能說(shuō)：Five good dictionaries are had by me．
2．I had three letters from Mr．Green．我收到過(guò)格林先生三封信。
不能說(shuō)：Three letters were had by me from Mr．Green．
3．We shall have a good Spring Festival．我們將過(guò)一個(gè)愉快的春節(jié)。
不能說(shuō)：A good Spring Festival will be had by us．
