2011年6月英語六級簡答專項(xiàng)練習(xí)及詳解(二)

　　Directions: Read the following passages carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words).

　　Culture shock is so named because of the effect it has on people when they enter a new culture. Experts have been interested in these effects and have agreed on five basic stages of culture shock. These stages are general and should only be used as a reference. Not every individual will go through each stage, and one stage may last longer that another for different individuals.

　　The hardest thing for most travelers to deal with is the emotional “roller coaster” they seem to be riding. One moment they feel very positive toward the new culture, and the next moment very negative. It seems common that international visitors and immigrants vacillate between loving and hating a new country. Feelings of separation and alienation can be intensified if they do not have a sense of fitting in or belonging. Fatigue is another problem people face when entering a new culture. There can be a sense of a greater need for sleep. This is due not only to physical tiredness, but also to mental fatigue. This mental fatigue comes from straining to comprehend the language, and coping with new situations. ��

　　The impact of culture shock can vary from person to person. There can be significant differences because some people may be better prepared to enter a new culture. Four factors which play into these are personality, language ability, length of stay, and the emotional support received.��

　　It is logical to think that when people are deprived of their familiar surroundings they will feel disoriented. One solution some have found is to bring a few small reminders of home. Pictures, wall hangings, favorite utensils, and keep sakes are all good candidates to make things feel more familiar. Another helpful activity is to establish little routines that become familiar over time. Even better is fitting things that were part of the regular routine back in the home country into the routine established in the new culture. This will make people feel more at home.

　　Questions:

　　1.According to Para. One, experts have interests in ____________________________.

　　2. Emotional roller coaster” refers__________________________________________..

　　3. When entering a new culture, the problems people face are____________________.

　　4. Copying with new situation may result in__________________________________.

　　5. According to the author, the more effective way to solve “cultural shock” is_______.

　　短文大意��

　　本文介紹了“文化休克”一詞的來由：文化休克是由于它對接觸一種陌生文化的人們所造成的影響而得名。接下來，文章依次介紹了人們接觸陌生文化時(shí)所面臨的重要難題。以及影響文化休克的四個(gè)因素，此外還介紹了解決文化休克問題的幾個(gè)方法。

　　1.

　　【參考答案】 Cultural shock’s effect on people.

　　【答題技巧】 聯(lián)系上下文是尋找本題答案的方法。

　　【詳細(xì)解答】 第一段的第一句話就提到：文化休克是由于它對接觸一種陌生文化的人們所造成的影響而得名。在第二句話中得知Experts have been interested in these effects and …此句中的these effects雖然成為復(fù)數(shù)，但指的仍是第一句中：the effect it has on people when they enter a new culture.答案由此而來。

　　2.

　　【參考答案】 unsteadily feeling toward new culture

　　【答題技巧】 “由后向前歸納”是本題的技巧。

　　【詳細(xì)解答】 本題問的是：情緒上的“環(huán)滑車”指的是什么?文中提到：One moment they feel very positive toward the new culture, and the next moment very negative.由于是簡短回答，我們便總結(jié)為“unsteadily feeling toward a new culture.”

　　3.

　　【參考答案】 are emotional "roller coaster" and fatigue��

　　【答題技巧】 從問題入手，深入下去是本題的捷徑。��

　　【詳細(xì)解答】 從第三段的第一句話入手：Fatigue is another problem people face when entering a new culture “another”一詞表明，前面第二段涉及的還有另一個(gè)問題。

　　4.

　　【參考答案】 the mental fatigue

　　【答題技巧】 由原因推向結(jié)果是解題的思題。

　　【詳細(xì)解答】 本題只要注意到了第三段的最后一句：The mental fatigue comes from straining to comprehend the language, and coping with new situations.答案便迎刃而解。本句，The mental fatigue 是結(jié)果，coping with new situation是原因之一，本題問題是coping with new situation可能引起什么。那么，我們只要由原因推向結(jié)果即可。

　　5.

　　【參考答案】 fitting some regular routines into the new culture.

　　【答題技巧】 瀏覽一個(gè)段落，通過比較得出結(jié)論是本題的關(guān)鍵。

　　【詳細(xì)解答】 解決“文化休克”的最有效的辦法是什么，文中最后一段提到，one solution…is to…,Another activity is to …,Even better is …, 據(jù)作者的口氣，三個(gè)方案中，最有效的建議便是：fitting things that were part of the regular routine back in the home country into the routine established in the new culture,對于這么長的方案，我們只挑主要的說就可以了。

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