六級閱讀長難句結構分析最新經(jīng)典百句(一)

    21. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.

[參考譯文] 這樣巨大而非個人的對資金和產(chǎn)業(yè)的放縱極大地增加了股東的數(shù)量和他們作為一個階級的重要性，這是國家生活中代表不負責任的財富的一個因素，這種財富不但遠離了土地和土地擁有者的責任，而且?guī)缀跬瑯优c公司的負責任的管理毫無關系。

22. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large "comfortable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.

[參考譯文] 像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本這樣的城鎮(zhèn)的涌現(xiàn)是為了給那些數(shù)量很多的"舒 適"階級提供居住場所。這些人依賴于其豐厚收入而不工作，他們除了分紅和偶爾參加一下股東大會，向管理層口授一下自己的命令之外，跟社會的其他階層毫無瓜葛。

23. The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.

[參考譯文] 這樣的"股東"對他擁有股份的公司所雇用的工人們的生活、思想和需求一無所知，而且他們對勞資雙方的關系都不會產(chǎn)生積極的影響。

24. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.

[參考譯文] 代表公司的花錢雇來的經(jīng)理與工人及其需求的關系更加直接，但是就連 他對工人們也沒有那種熟識的私人之間的了解。而在現(xiàn)在正在消失的古老家族公司的那種更加家長式的制度下的雇主們卻常常對他們的工人有這樣的私人關系。

25. Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology； the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, "spatial" thinking about things technological.

[參考譯文] 在許多形成因素當中，我將挑選出這些：這個國家優(yōu)秀的小學教育：歡 迎新技術的勞動者們：獎勵發(fā)明者的做法；而且最重要的是美國人在對那些技術性事物的非言語的、 "空間性的"思考方面的天賦。

26. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, "A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process...The designer and the inventor.., are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist".

[參考譯文] 正如尤金·弗格森所指出的那樣："一個技術專家思考那些不能被簡化成 能被清楚的語言描述的東西。這些東西在他的思維中是通過一種視覺的、非語言表述的過程宋處理的設計者和發(fā)明者能夠在他們的腦中裝配并作那些還不存在的裝置。"

27. Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea".

[參考譯文] 羅伯特·法歐特曾經(jīng)這樣寫到："一個技師會坐在杠桿、螺絲釘、楔子、 輪子等等當中，就像一個詩人沉浸在字母表的字母中，把這些字母看成自己思想的展示，在這樣的展示中，每種新的次序安排都傳達了一種新的思想。"

28. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programs and, tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise.

[參考譯文] 在最后三章中，他脫下手套，將神造論者好好地揍了一頓。他描述了他 們的活動和戰(zhàn)術，而且，對于那些對神造論者的做事方式刁；熟悉的人來說，神造論者的欺騙和扭曲事實的程度可能會令這些人有一種不快的詫異。

29. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: "This book stands for reason itself." And so it does-and all wound be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.

[參考譯文] 在這本杰出的書的外紙封面上，史蒂芬·杰伊·古爾德寫道："這本書本 身就代表理性。"而它確實是這樣的--而且如果理性成為神造論／地化論之間的辯論中的惟一評判標準的話，一切就都好辦了。

30. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.

[參考譯文] 經(jīng)過了六個月的爭論以及最后16個小時激烈的議會辯論，澳大利亞北部地區(qū)成了世界上第一個允許醫(yī)生終止希望死去的絕癥病人生命的立法當局。

31. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back.

[參考譯文] 一些機構終于松了一口氣，但是其他一些機構，包括教堂，倡導生命之 權的團體和澳大利亞醫(yī)學協(xié)會，尖銳地抨擊這個法案，指責法案的通過過于匆忙。但是大勢已定，不可逆轉。

32. In Australia- where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their partother states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.

[參考譯文] 在澳大利亞--人口老齡化，延長壽命的技術和變化看的社會態(tài)度，這些因素都在發(fā)揮作用一一其他的州也會考慮制定相似的關于安樂死的法律。

33. There are, of course, exceptions. Small--minded officials, rude waiters, and ill mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.

[參考譯文] 當然，例外是存在的。在美國，心胸狹窄的官員，粗魯?shù)膫髡�，和沒有 禮貌的出租車司機也并不少見。然而人們常常得出這樣的觀察意見，這使得它值得被討論一下。

34. We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.

[參考譯文] 我們生活在一種藥品(毒品)的醫(yī)學用途和社會用途都很廣泛的社會里： 一片用來止頭痛的阿斯匹林，一些用來社交的葡萄酒，早上自己提提神所喝的咖啡，一支用來定神的香煙。

35. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.

[參考譯文] 對藥品的依賴性首先表現(xiàn)為不斷增長的耐藥量，要產(chǎn)生想得到的效果所需要的藥品劑量越來越大，然后表現(xiàn)為當停止用藥后，令人不快的停藥癥狀的出現(xiàn)。

36. "Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?" Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. "You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?"

[參考譯文] 上星期參議員羅博特多爾質(zhì)問時代華納公司的高級管理人員們："難道這 就是你們希望能夠成就的事業(yè)?你們已經(jīng)出賣了自己的靈魂，但是難道你們還非要腐化我們的國家，威脅我們的孩子們嗎?"

37. "The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column', "lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be..."

[參考譯文] "對任何一個民主社會的考驗，"他在《華爾街雜志》的一個專欄文章中 寫到，"不在于它能夠多有效地控制各種意見的表達，而在于這個社會是否能給予思考和表達的盡可能廣泛的自由，不管有時候這種結果是多么的富有爭議或令人不快…"

38. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting, Levin asserted that "music is not the cause of society's ills" and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.

[參考譯文] 在-上個月的股東大會上關于搖滾歌詞的討論中，萊文宣稱說："音樂不是 社會問題的原因"，他甚至還以他的兒子為例。他的兒子是紐約州布朗克斯的一個教師，并用說唱音樂與學生們進行溝通。

39. Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as "steering the economy to a soft landing" of "a touch on the brakes" , makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth.

[參考譯文] 有很多用于描述貨幣政策的詞匯，例如"輕踩剎車"以"操縱經(jīng)濟軟著陸"，使貨幣政策聽起來像是一門精確的科學。沒有什么比這更遠離實際情況的了。

40. Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since, conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America's, have little productive slack.

[參考譯文] 經(jīng)濟學家們對英國和美國的有利的通貨膨脹數(shù)據(jù)尤其感到驚訝，因為傳 統(tǒng)的計量方法顯示兩國的經(jīng)濟，特別是美國的經(jīng)濟，幾乎沒有生產(chǎn)蕭條的時候。

41. The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.

[參考譯文] 很不幸，這最令人震驚的解釋有一點缺陷。一些經(jīng)濟學家認為世界經(jīng)濟結構的強有力的變化已經(jīng)結束了那個以經(jīng)濟增長和通貨膨脹的歷史關聯(lián)為基礎的舊的經(jīng)濟模式。

42. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.

[參考譯文] 例如，阿斯旺大壩使得尼羅河不再洪水泛濫，但是它也奪去了埃及以前 所享有的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥--這些換宋的就是這么個疾病滋生的水庫，現(xiàn)在這個水庫積滿了淤泥，幾乎不能發(fā)電了。

43. New ways of organizing the workplace--all that re-engineering and downsizing--are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.

[參考譯文] 企業(yè)重組的新方法--所有那些重新設計、縮小規(guī)模的做法--只是對 一個經(jīng)濟的整體生產(chǎn)力做出了一方面的貢獻。這種經(jīng)濟還受許多其他因素的驅(qū)動，比如結合設備和機械上的投資、新技術，以及在教育和培訓上的投資。

44. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.

[參考譯文] 他的同事邁克爾·比爾說，有太多的公司已經(jīng)用一種機械的方式實行公司內(nèi)部的重新設計，在沒有充分考慮長期贏利的能力下削減了成本。

45. Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as "The Flight from S.cience and Reason" , held in New York City in 1995, and "Science in the Age of (Mis) information, which assembled last June near Buffalo.

[參考譯文] 科學衛(wèi)士