2012年英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀主旨題答題技巧及實(shí)戰(zhàn)(2)

　　(一)出題形式：主旨大意題命題形式主要有三大類：一類是概括中心思想(main idea)型;一類是確定文章標(biāo)題或主題(topic / title / headline)型;還有一類是詢問(wèn)文章的寫(xiě)作目的(purpose)。

　　1) What would be the best title for the text?

　　2) What is the topic of the text?

　　3) Which of the following best expresses the main idea?

　　4) The best title / headline for this passage might be ______.

　　5) The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is ______.

　　6) Which of the following statements is best supported by the text?

　　7) Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

　　8) The main idea / The general idea / The main theme of this passage is ______.

　　9) The title that best expresses the main idea of the passage is ______.

　　(二)答案位置：大部分文章都有主題句(topic sentence)，主題句表達(dá)了文章的中心思想(main idea)，找到了主題句，也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。因此，“主題句定位法”是解答主旨大意題的一種行之有效的方法。主題句呈現(xiàn)形式通常有以下幾種：

　　1)在開(kāi)頭出現(xiàn);

　　2)在結(jié)尾出現(xiàn);

　　3)在開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，首尾呼應(yīng);

　　4)有些文章的中心思想貫穿全文，并沒(méi)有用一句話明確表達(dá)出來(lái)，這就要求學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)歸納概括。

　　(三)實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練

　　2 Decision thinking is not unlike poker--- it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. The mental process is similar. Naturally, this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are, by any standards, good thinkers.

　　The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory. In particular, he showed that all games of “perfect information”, games like chess where the players can’t hide anything or play tricks; they don’t win by chance, but by means of logic and skills. Then there are games of “imperfect information”, like poker, in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.

　　One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quit the reverse. Business, politics, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors which would even puzzle best poker players. But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.

　　The subject discussed in this text is _____

　　a. the process of reaching decision

　　b. the difference between poker and chess

　　c. the secret of making good business plans

　　d. the value of information in winning games