Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
What’s your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk? Or talk? The first time you 21 thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom 22 events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three of four 23 retain any specific, personal experiences. A variety of explanations have been 24 by psychologists for this “Childhood amnesia” (兒童失憶癥). One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature 25 about the age of two. But the most popular theory 26 that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot 27 childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or 28 –one event follows 29 as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental 30 for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don’t find any that fits the 31 . It’s like trying to find a Chinese word in an English Dictionary.
Now psychologist Annette Simmons of the New York State University offers a new 32 for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply 33 any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use 34 spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short–term, quickly 35 impressions of them into long-term memories. In other 36 , children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about 37 ——Mother talking about the afternoon 38 looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. Without this 39 reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form 40 memories of their personal experiences.
1. A. listened B. felt C. touched D. heard
2. A. involve B. interpret C. recall D. resolve
3. A. largely B. rarely C. merely D. really
4. A. canceled B. figured C. proposed D. witnessed
5. A. until B. once C. after D. since
6. A. magnifies B. intervenes C. contains D. maintains
7. A. reflect B. attain C. access D. refer
8. A. narratives B. forecasts C. regulations D. descriptions
9. A. the rest B. another C. the other D. others
10. A. outputs B. dreams C. flashes D. files
11. A. footstep B. pattern C. frame D. landscape
12. A. emphasis B. arrangement C. explanation D. factor
13. A. aren’t B. weren’t C. isn’t D. wasn’t
14. A. anyone else B. anyone else’s C. some else D. someone else’s
15. A. forgotten B. remembered C. forgetting D. remembering
16. A. senses B. cases C. words D. means
17. A. him B. theirs C. it D. them
18. A. used B. chosen C. taken D. spent
19. A. habitual B. verbal C. pretty D. mutual
20. A. permanent B. conscious C. subordinate D. spiritual
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANAWER SHEET 1 (40 points)
Text 1
St. Paul didn’t like it. Moses warned his people against it. Hesiod declared it “ mischievious” and “ hard to get rid of it,” but Oscar Wilder said, “ Gossip is charming.”
“ History is merely gossip,” he wrote in one of his famous plays. “ But scandal is gossip made tedious by morality.”
In times past, under Jewish law, gossipmongers might be fined or flogged. The Puritans put them in stocks or ducking stools, but no punishment seemed to have the desired effect of preventing gossip, which has continued uninterrupted across the back fences of the centuries.
Today, however, the much-maligned human foible is being looked at in a different light. Psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, even evolutionary biologists are concluding that gossip may not be so bad after all.
Gossip is “ an intrinsically valuable activity,” philosophy professor Aaron Ben-Ze’ev states in a book he has edited, entitled Good Gossip. For one thing, gossip helps us acquire information that we need to know that doesn’t come through ordinary channels, such as: “ What was the real reason so-and-so was fired from the office?” Gossip also is a form of social bonding, Dr. Ben-Ze’ev says. It is “ a kind of sharing” that also “ satisfies the tribal need---namely, the need to belong to and be accepted by a unique group.” What’s more, the professor notes, “ Gossip is enjoyable.”
Another gossip groupie, Dr. Ronald De Sousa, a professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto, describes gossip basically as a form of indiscretion and a “saintly virtue”, by which he means that the knowledge spread by gossip will usually end up being slightly beneficial. “ It seems likely that a world in which all information were universally available would be preferable to a world where immense power resides in the control of secrets,” he writes.
Still, everybody knows that gossip can have its ill effects, especially on the poor wretch being gossiped about. And people should refrain from certain kinds of gossip that might be harmful, even though the ducking stool is long out of fashion.
By the way, there is also an interesting strain of gossip called medical gossip, which in its best form, according to researchers Jerry M. Suls and Franklin Goodkin, can motivate people with symptoms of serious illness, but who are unaware of it, to seek medical help.
So go ahead and gossip. But remember, if ( as often is the case among gossipers) you should suddenly become one of the gossipees instead, it is best to employ the foolproof defense recommended by Plato, who may have learned the lesson from Socrates, who as you know was the victim of gossip spread that he was corrupting the youth of Athens: When men speak ill of thee, so live that nobody will believe them. Or, as Will Rogers said, “ Live so that you wouldn’t be ashamed to sell the family parrot to the town gossip.” (500 words )
21. Persons’ remarks are mentioned at the beginning of the text to ____.
[ A ] show the general disapproval of gossip
[ B ] introduce the topic of gossip
[ C ] examine gossip from a historical perspective
[ D ] prove the real value of gossip
22. By “Gossip also is a form of social bonding” (Para. 5), Professor Aaron Ben-Ze’ev means gossip ____.
[ A ] is a valuable source of social information
[ B ] produces a joy that most people in society need
[ C ] brings people the feel of being part of a group
[ D ] satisfies people’s need of being unusual
23. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
[ A ] everyone involved will not benefit from gossip
[ B ] philosophers may hold different attitudes toward gossip
[ C ] Dr. Ronald De Sousa regards gossips as perfectly advantageous
[ D ] people are generally not conscious of the value of medical gossip
24. We learn from the last paragraph that ____.
[ A ] gossipers will surely become gossipees someday
[ B ] Socrates was a typical example of a gossiper becoming a gossipee
[ C ] Plato escaped being a victim of gossip by no gossiping
[ D ] an easy way to confront gossip when subjected to it is to live as usual
25. The author’s attitude toward “ gossip” can be best described as ____.
[ A ] neutral [ B ] positive
[ C ] negative [ D ] indifferent
Text 2
SoBig.F was the more visible of the two recent waves of infection because it propagated itself by e-mail, meaning that victims noticed what was going on. SoBig.F was so effective that it caused substantial disruption even to those protected by anti-virus software. That was because so many copies of the virus spread (some 500,000 computers were infected) that many machines were overwhelmed by messages from their own anti-virus software. On top of that, one common counter-measure backfired, increasing traffic still further. Anti-virus software often bounces a warning back to the sender of an infected e-mail, saying that the e-mail in question cannot be delivered because it contains a virus. SoBig.F was able to spoof this system by “harvesting” e-mail addresses from the hard disks of infected computers. Some of these addresses were then sent infected e-mails that had been doctored to look as though they had come from other harvested addresses. The latter were thus sent warnings, even though their machines may not have been infected.
Kevin Haley of Symantec, a firm that makes anti-virus software, thinks that one reason SoBig.F was so much more effective than other viruses that work this way is because it was better at searching hard-drives for addresses. Brian King, of CERT, an internet-security centre at Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh, notes that, unlike its precursors, SoBig.F was capable of “multi-threading”: it could send multiple e-mails simultaneously, allowing it to dispatch thousands in minutes.
Blaster worked by creating a “buffer overrun in the remote procedure call”. In English, that means it attacked a piece of software used by Microsoft's Windows operating system to allow one computer to control another. It did so by causing that software to use too much memory.
Most worms work by exploiting weaknesses in an operating system, but whoever wrote Blaster had a particularly refined sense of humour, since the website under attack was the one from which users could obtain a program to fix the very weakness in Windows that the worm itself was exploiting.
One way to deal with a wicked worm like Blaster is to design a fairy godmother worm that goes around repairing vulnerable machines automatically. In the case of Blaster someone seems to have tried exactly that with a program called Welchi. However, according to Mr Haley, Welchi has caused almost as many problems as Blaster itself, by overwhelming networks with “pings”—signals that checked for the presence of other computers.
Though both of these programs fell short of the apparent objectives of their authors, they still caused damage. For instance, they forced the shutdown of a number of computer networks, including the one used by the New York Times newsroom, and the one organising trains operated by CSX, a freight company on America's east coast.
Computer scientists expect that it is only a matter of time before a truly devastating virus is unleashed.
26. SoBig.F damaged computer programs mainly by ____.
[A] sending them an overpowering number of messages
[B] harvesting the addresses stored in the computers
[C] infecting the computers with an invisible virus
[D] destroying the anti-virus software of the computers
27. Which of the following best defines the word “ doctored” (line , para. 1) ?
[A] falsified [B] cured
[C] deceived [D] diagnosed
28. Compared with SoBig.F, Blaster was a virus that was _____.
[A] more destructive
[B] more humorous
[C] less vulnerable
[D] less noticeable
29. From the text we learn that Welchi ____.
[A] is a wicked worm causing as many damages as Blaster did
[B] is a program designed by Haley to detect worms like Blaster
[C] is a program intended to fix the infected machines
[D] is a worm meant to defeat the virus with “ pings”
30. The tone of the text can best described as _____.
[A] optimistic and humorous
[B] analytical but concerned
[C] passionate but pessimistic
[D] scholarly and cautious
Text 3
European farm ministers have ended three weeks of negotiations with a deal which they claim represents genuine reform of the common agricultural policy(CAP). Will it be enough to kickstart the Doha world trade negotiations?
On the face of it, the deal agreed in the early hours of Thursday June 26th looks promising. Most subsidies linked to specific farm products are, at last, to be broken—the idea is to replace these with a direct payment to farmers, unconnected to particular products. Support prices for several key products, including milk and butter, are to be cut—that should mean European prices eventually falling towards the world market level. Cutting the link between subsidy and production was the main objective of proposals put forward by Mr Fischler, which had formed the starting point for the negotiations.
The CAP is hugely unpopular around the world. It subsidises European farmers to such an extent that they can undercut farmers from poor countries, who also face trade barriers that largely exclude them from the potentially lucrative European market. Farm trade is also a key feature of the Doha round of trade talks, launched under the auspices of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in November 2001. Developing countries have lined up alongside a number of industrial countries to demand an end to the massive subsidies Europe pays its farmers. Several Doha deadlines have already been missed because of the EU’s intransigence, and the survival of the talks will be at risk if no progress is made by September, when the world's trade ministers meet in Cancùn, Mexico.
But now even the French seem to have gone along with the deal hammered out in Luxembourg. Up to a point, anyway. The package of measures gives the green light for the most eager reformers to move fast to implement the changes within their own countries. But there is an escape clause of sorts for the French and other reform-averse nations. They can delay implementation for up to two years. There is also a suggestion that the reforms might not apply where there is a chance that they would lead to a reduction in land under cultivation.
These let-outs are potentially damaging for Europe’s negotiators in the Doha round. They could significantly reduce the cost savings that the reforms might otherwise generate and, in turn, keep European expenditure on farm support unacceptably high by world standards. More generally, the escape clauses could undermine the reforms by encouraging the suspicion that the new package will not deliver the changes that its supporters claim. Close analysis of what is inevitably a very complicated package might confirm the sceptics' fears.
31. The deal agreed on Thursday looks promising in that _____.
[A] European farm ministers finally reached a consensus
[B] the link between farm products and subsidies is removed
[C] farmers would definitely accept the direct payment to them
[D] European farm products will reach a lower price level than the world
32. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that ____.
[A] farmers from poor countries were put at a disadvantage by CAP
[B] the deal will be a key subject of debate in Doha round of trade talks
[C] the deal was probably a result of pressure from other countries
[D] the world’s trade ministers will resist the new deal reached recently
33. In what case might the escape clauses apply in reform-averse nations ?
[A] Farmers lose their interest in farming.
[B] Reforms have to be delayed for up to two years.
[C] Implementation of the measures goes too eagerly.
[D] The measures damage the reformers’ confidence.
34. The new package of measures is inevitably a complicated one due to ____.
[A] Europe’s negotiators’ loss of confidence
[B] European expenditure on farm support
[C] escape clauses for some European countries
[D] suspicion of the new package
35. What is the passage mainly about ?
[A] a promising new deal
[B] Doha world trade negotiations
[C] world’s anger against Europe
[D] doomed reforms of CAP
Text 4
Perhaps only a small boy training to be a wizard at the Hogwarts school of magic could cast a spell so powerful as to create the biggest book launch ever. Wherever in the world the clock strikes midnight on June 20th, his followers will flock to get their paws on one of more than 10m copies of “Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix”. Bookshops will open in the middle of the night and delivery firms are drafting in extra staff and bigger trucks. Related toys, games, DVDs and other merchandise will be everywhere. There will be no escaping Pottermania.
Yet Mr Potter's world is a curious one, in which things are often not what they appear. While an excitable media (hereby including The Economist, happy to support such a fine example of globalisation) is helping to hype the launch of J.K. Rowling's fifth novel, about the most adventurous thing that the publishers (Scholastic in America and Britain's Bloomsbury in English elsewhere) have organised is a reading by Ms Rowling in London's Royal Albert Hall, to be broadcast as a live webcast.
Hollywood, which owns everything else to do with Harry Potter, says it is doing even less. Incredible as it may seem, the guardians of the brand say that, to protect the Potter franchise, they are trying to maintain a low profile. Well, relatively low.
Ms Rowling signed a contract in 1998 with Warner Brothers, part of AOL Time Warner, giving the studio exclusive film, licensing and merchandising rights in return for what now appears to have been a steal: some $500,000. Warner licenses other firms to produce goods using Harry Potter characters or images, from which Ms Rowling gets a big enough cut that she is now wealthier than the queen—if you believe Britain's Sunday Times rich list. The process is self-generating: each book sets the stage for a film, which boosts book sales, which lifts sales of Potter products.
Globally, the first four Harry Potter books have sold some 200m copies in 55 languages; the two movies have grossed over $1.8 billion at the box office.
This is a stunning success by any measure, especially as Ms Rowling has long demanded that Harry Potter should not be over-commercialised. In line with her wishes, Warner says it is being extraordinarily careful, at least by Hollywood standards, about what it licenses and to whom. It imposed tough conditions on Coca-Cola, insisting that no Harry Potter images should appear on cans, and is now in the process of making its licensing programme even more restrictive. Coke may soon be considered too mass market to carry the brand at all.
The deal with Warner ties much of the merchandising to the films alone. There are no officially sanctioned products relating to “Order of the Phoenix”; nor yet for “Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban”, the film of the third book, which is due out in June 2004. Warner agrees that Ms Rowling's creation is a different sort of commercial property, one with long-term potential that could be damaged by a typical Hollywood marketing blitz, says Diane Nelson, the studio's global brand manager for Harry Potter. It is vital, she adds, that with more to come, readers of the books are not alienated. “The evidence from our market research is that enthusiasm for the property by fans is not waning.”
36. When the author says “there will be no escaping Pottermania”, he implies that ____.
[A] Harry Potter’s appeal for the readers is simply irresistible
[B] it is somewhat irrational to be so crazy about the magic boy
[C] craze about Harry Potter will not be over in the near future
[D] Hogwarts school of magic will be the biggest attraction world over
37. Ms Rowling’s reading in London's Royal Albert Hall is mentioned to show ____.
[A] publishers are really adventurous in managing the Potter’s business
[B] businesses involved with Potter are moving along in an unusual way
[C] the media are promoting Pottermania more actively than Hollywood
[D] businesses are actually more credible than media in Potter’s world
38. The author believes that ____.
[A] Britain's Sunday Times rich list is not very convincing as it sounds
[B] Time Warner’s management of licenses is a bit over-commercialised
[C] other firms may produce goods using Harry Potter images at will
[D] what Ms Rowling got in return for her offering to Warner is a real bargain
39. Paragraph 5 intends mainly to show Warner’s ____.
[A] determination to promote Potter
[B] consistence in conducting business
[C] high regard for Ms Rowling’s request
[D] careful restrictions on licensing to Coco-Cola
40. It can be concluded from the last paragraph that ____.
[A] products of Potter films have brought enormous profits to Warner
[B] current Hollywood’s marketing of Potter may damage its potential
[C] readers could get tired of Ms Rowling’s writings sooner or later
[D] Warner will maintain the same strategy with Potter in future
Part B
Directions:
In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The place is a lovely meadow surrounded by deep woods on a hilltop overlooking a beautiful lake in the Catskill Mountains 120 miles from New York. It is quarter past eight in the morning, and you are about to commute to your office in the city. Yet there is no paved highway nearer than fifteen miles, and it is fifty to a railroad station.
41) __________________________________________. The aircraft, looking oddly like a horizontal electric fan, drones toward you. When the pilot is directly overhead, all forward movement of the machine ceases and it descends vertically until the cabin door is within a foot of the ground. On the machine’s gray side is painted Helicopter Express to New York. The door opens and you step inside.
Fifty minutes later the helicopter bus hovers over a midtown New York building, descends slowly to alight on a roof space some sixty yards square. You go into the building, take the elevator to the street below, and walk half a block to your office. Not quite an hour has elapsed since you drank your morning coffee in your home.
42) ______________________________________.
In the air age of tomorrow, the manufacture, sale, and upkeep of the direct—lift machine will become a billion—dollar industry just as the automobile industry. There will be many startling changes in our way of life.
43) ________________________________________________. A cheap, swift helicopter bus service will ferry these people to and from their work. Suburbs will include ten thousand or more square miles. Real estate values will come within the reach of average incomes, and the people will literally return to the good earth.
44) _________________________________________________. But the short haul of less than 1000 miles is equally the task of the helicopter, which can do it with the greatest efficiency.
Express and air mail will be carried from the airports to final destination by helicopter. There will be a direct—lift machine service to take airliner passengers from the airport to the city in a few minutes. There will be special delivery of perishable food to your door.
The winter growth of fresh vegetables such as beans and tomatoes, celery and lettuce, in the warm South and the Far West has been hitherto restricted because of cost and time or transportation to market. The airline and helicopter freight service will speed such healthy foods to the ends of the nation.
45) __________________________________________________________..
[A] Most important is that hundreds of thousands of people can return to the health and beauty of the countryside. Millions of acres of hitherto inaccessible land will be developed with small homes for medium-or low-income groups.
[B] And a new type of architecture-perhaps a house with a flat roof and a pleasantly designed helicopter hangar to one side of it, so that you have only to wheel the machine a few feet to take off.
[C] Does this sound like a fantasy imagined by science fiction writers? If so, I can assure you, as a practical aeronautical engineer, that such a trip is neither fantastic nor impractical. I am convinced that a helicopter bus service is not only practicable but, in fact, inevitable.
[D] Hence our eating habits will change perhaps more than we realize. Strawberries in January, as it were, available for all. The airline and helicopter freight service render all this possible.
[E] Private and bus helicopters will make possible vacations at seashore or mountain for countless thousands. The helicopter will destroy space for millions of people. Nothing is more delightful than touring in a helicopter. To hover and fill one’s eyes with an enchanting vista is to bring joy to the soul.
[F] Now you hear a low hum, and over the horizon appears a flying machine. You press the button of a box nearby and a radio signal flashes to the machine.
[G] Long-distance transportation of passengers and freight over land and sea will definitely remain the job for the large airplane.
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
The “standard of living” of any country means the average persons share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’s standard of living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. 46) “Wealth” in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food and clothing, and “services” such as transport and entertainment.
A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country’s natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. 47) Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess none of them.
Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. 48) Some countries are perhaps well off in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons have been unable to develop their resources. Sound stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country’s people. Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled.
49) A country’s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade. For example, Britain’s wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would otherwise be lacking. 50) A country’s wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.
Section III Writing
Part A
51. Directions:
You have stayed with your friend Cathy for a whole week. Now you are going home. Write a message to her to
1) express your gratitude
2) show your appreciation of the good days you’ve had together
3) say goodbye
You should write about 100 words on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Susan” instead. You do not need to write the address. ( 10 points )
Part B
52. Directions:
Assuming that a manager is going to interview some job applicants and one of his friends gives him a piece of advice that the first impression is not a reliable basis for judgment. This manager wants to hear more from others and decides to have a wall newspaper put up for more views on that topic.
1. You are going to write an article to offer your opinion about it.
2.You should write about 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.( 20 points )
考研前30天成功試卷(英語(yǔ))試卷二答案詳解
答案詳解
Section I Use of English
1．[答案] B
[解析] 本題考查詞匯的邏輯搭配。thunder“雷聲”做賓語(yǔ)，[B]heard是最佳選擇。
2．[答案] A
[解析] 本題考查考生利用上下文選擇判斷的能力。文章第一行有remember一詞出現(xiàn)，有所暗示。而且全文主題是“兒童失憶癥”。[A]recall意為“回憶”，符合句義。
3．[答案] D
[解析] 本題考查上下文的連貫理解能力。前半句中出現(xiàn)了seldom一詞，just as在這里提示后半句也應(yīng)該是表示否定意義，且橫線后的any一詞也起到暗示作用�？梢�(jiàn)，[D]rarely為正確答案。
4．[答案] A
[解析] 本題考查詞匯的搭配。和explanations搭配，[A]propose為最佳選擇。[B]witness“目睹，作證”，[C]cancel“取消”，[D]figure搭配介詞to意為“算出，估計(jì)，推測(cè)”
5．[答案] C
[解析] 本題考查結(jié)構(gòu)知識(shí)。根據(jù)句義，“……直到一兩歲才能成熟”。應(yīng)該用not…until結(jié)構(gòu)。因此，[C]為正確答案。
6．[答案] B
[解析] 本題考查考生的詞匯知識(shí)。[B]maintain意為“堅(jiān)持，主張；維持，維修”。根據(jù)句義“最流行的理論堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為……”。可見(jiàn)，[B]為正確答案。
7．[答案] C
[解析] 本題考查上下文的連貫理解能力。22題的recall events對(duì)本題有提示作用。[C]reflect意為“反映，表現(xiàn)；反省，細(xì)想”，帶入句中符合句義，與上文呼應(yīng)。因此，[C]為正確答案。
8．[答案] C
[解析] 本題考查結(jié)構(gòu)知識(shí)。句中出現(xiàn)or連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)，故此處所選的詞應(yīng)與or前面的story為近義詞。[C]narratives“敘述，故事”為最佳答案。
9．[答案] D
[解析] 本題考查固定搭配。與前面one搭配的應(yīng)該是another。[D]為正確答案。
10．[答案] B
[解析] 本題考查詞匯知識(shí)。本句句意為“在心智檔案中尋找兒時(shí)的記憶……”。[B]files意為“文件，答案”，為最佳答案。
11．[答案] D
[解析] 本題考查詞匯知識(shí)。[A]frame指“框架”；[B]landscape指“風(fēng)景線”；[C]footstep指“腳印”，[D]pattern指“模式”。可見(jiàn)，[D]為正確答案。
12．[答案] A
[解析] 本題同樣考查詞匯知識(shí)。文章第4行“a variety of explanations”處有提示作用，表示對(duì)兒童失憶癥有很多解釋。這里是另一位心理學(xué)家提出的新的解釋(explanation)。因此，[A]為正確答案。
13．[答案] C
[解析] 本題考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。there be句型單復(fù)數(shù)需要和be后面的名詞保持一致，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)�？梢�(jiàn)，[C]為正確答案。
14．[答案] B
[解析] 本題考查一般詞匯知識(shí)。本句句意為“兒童們需要學(xué)會(huì)用別人對(duì)自己經(jīng)驗(yàn)的口頭描述來(lái)把短期記憶轉(zhuǎn)化程長(zhǎng)期記憶”。[B]someone else’s表示“別人的”。因此，[B]為正確答案。
15．[答案] C
[解析] 本題考查詞匯使用知識(shí)。根據(jù)句意，short-term memories（短期記憶）會(huì)quickly forgotten（很快被忘卻）。[C]為正確答案。
16．[答案] A
[解析] 本題考查固定搭配。in other words意為“換句話說(shuō)”�？梢�(jiàn)，[A]為爭(zhēng)取答案。
17．[答案] B
[解析] 本題考查代詞使用知識(shí)。指代others的應(yīng)該是them。[B]為正確答案。
18．[答案] B
[解析] 本題考查詞匯的固定搭配。spend time doing sth. 因此，[B]為爭(zhēng)取答案。
19．[答案] D
[解析] 本題考查詞匯知識(shí)。根據(jù)前句的talk about可得到提示，此處應(yīng)該是[D]verbal“文字的，口頭的”。
20．[答案] C
[解析] 本題考查上下文的理解能力。根據(jù)句意，此處“兒童要形成的”應(yīng)該是前文提到的“長(zhǎng)期記憶”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，[C]permanent“永久的”符合句意。可見(jiàn)，[C]為正確答案。
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1 譯文
圣.保羅不喜歡它，摩西告誡自己的人民防著它，黑西奧德說(shuō)它“惡作劇的”并且是“難以擺脫的”，但奧斯卡.王爾德卻說(shuō)，“閑話是充滿魅力的”。
他在一部著名的劇作中說(shuō)“歷史也就是一部閑話集”，“從道德角度看丑聞則是一種令人厭煩的閑話”。
過(guò)去，按猶太教法律，說(shuō)閑話是要被罰款或遭鞭刑的。清教徒則對(duì)閑話者施以足伽或投入水牢，然而任何處罰似乎都無(wú)法阻止閑話，幾百年來(lái)，閑話從未中斷過(guò)。
然而今天，人們卻從一個(gè)不同的角度來(lái)看待這個(gè)萬(wàn)人怨的人類弱點(diǎn)。心理學(xué)家、社會(huì)學(xué)家、哲學(xué)家，甚至生物進(jìn)化論學(xué)家們都認(rèn)為，閑話其實(shí)并不那么糟。
哲學(xué)教授Aaron Ben-Ze’ev在其編寫的名為《好的閑話》一書中就說(shuō)，閑話是一種“本質(zhì)上講很有價(jià)值的活動(dòng)”。首先，閑話可以幫助我們獲得通常渠道不能獲得的信息，比如“某人被開(kāi)出辦公室的真正原因是什么”。Dr. Ben-Ze’ev還說(shuō)，閑話就像“一種社會(huì)紐帶”，它是“一種分享”，能夠“滿足人類的部落需求，即屬于或被某一個(gè)獨(dú)特的集體接受的感覺(jué)需求”。而且，該教授還認(rèn)為，“閑話給人帶來(lái)快樂(lè)”。
另一位閑話的支持者，多倫多大學(xué)的哲學(xué)教授Dr. Ronald De Sousa認(rèn)為，閑話是“一種不謹(jǐn)慎”，也是一種“圣徒般的美德”，他的意思是說(shuō)，閑話傳播的信息到頭來(lái)往往是有點(diǎn)益處的。他說(shuō)，“人們更可能喜歡所有信息被廣泛擁有的社會(huì)，而不會(huì)喜歡秘密被強(qiáng)權(quán)控制的世界”。
然而，大家都知道閑話肯定是有壞處的，尤其是對(duì)可憐的被說(shuō)閑話的對(duì)象。既便水牢早已淘汰，人們也不應(yīng)說(shuō)那些傷人的閑話。
順便說(shuō)，有一種被稱為“醫(yī)療閑話”很有趣，據(jù)研究人員Jerry M. Suls and Franklin Goodkin的研究，這種閑話能激勵(lì)那些有嚴(yán)重疾病癥狀，但自己卻沒(méi)有意識(shí)到的人去尋求醫(yī)療幫助。
所以說(shuō)閑話去吧，但注意，如果你自己成了被閑話的對(duì)象（閑話者中常發(fā)生這種現(xiàn)象），就使用柏拉圖建議的簡(jiǎn)易防御方式，柏拉圖是從蘇格拉底那兒學(xué)到了這個(gè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，蘇格拉底正是毒害雅典青年這個(gè)流傳的閑話的直接受害者。柏拉圖的建議是：如果有人說(shuō)你的壞話，繼續(xù)生活，使這種壞話無(wú)人相信�；蛘鏦ill Rogers所言，“生活著，不因家事成為全城的閑話中心而羞愧”。
21. 【答案】B
【解析】本題涉及作者的首段寫作意圖。作者文章開(kāi)頭引用幾個(gè)人的有關(guān)閑話的言論是為了引出本文的話題：閑話。故答案為B。
22. 【答案】C
【解析】這是一道句意題。根據(jù)第五段后面Dr. Ben-Ze’ev的講話，可知答案應(yīng)為C。
23. 【答案】A
【解析】這是一道是非判斷題。根據(jù)第七段的內(nèi)容可知，“并非所有的人都是閑話的受益者”，所以答案為A。B、D兩項(xiàng)文章未提，C項(xiàng)中“perfectly完全地”言之太過(guò)。
24. 【答案】D
【解析】這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。依據(jù)末段歸納可知，一旦自己成了閑話的對(duì)象，最佳的應(yīng)對(duì)方法是正常生活，謠言不攻自破，故答案為D。A說(shuō)得絕對(duì)，BC兩項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容不符。
25. 【答案】B
【解析】這是一道態(tài)度題。依據(jù)第四段和末段綜合可知，作者對(duì)Gossip的態(tài)度是積極肯定的，故答案為B。
Text 2 譯文
巨無(wú)霸是最近兩波病毒感染中較明顯的一個(gè)，它通過(guò)郵件傳播，受害者看得見(jiàn)它的發(fā)作。巨無(wú)霸如此有效，它能給那些有防毒軟件保護(hù)的電腦造成很大的破壞。這主要是因?yàn)榇罅康牟《颈粡?fù)制（大約50萬(wàn)電腦被感染）傳播，許多電腦被自己的防毒軟件發(fā)出的無(wú)數(shù)信息壓得癱瘓。除此之外，普通的回?fù)舸胧┦屡c愿違，使郵件數(shù)量進(jìn)一步增加，防毒軟件通常會(huì)給感染了病毒的郵件發(fā)送者發(fā)個(gè)警告，說(shuō)相關(guān)郵件因?yàn)楹胁《静荒馨l(fā)送。巨無(wú)霸能騙住系統(tǒng)，收集感染了病毒的電腦硬盤中的郵箱地址。有些地址就會(huì)收到含病毒的郵件，偽裝得像是來(lái)自所收藏的地址所發(fā)來(lái)的郵件。后者因此又會(huì)收到警告，即使電腦并沒(méi)有病毒感染。
Symantec是一家編制防毒軟件的公司，公司的Kevin Haley認(rèn)為，巨無(wú)霸之所以比其他病毒有效是因?yàn)�，它更擅�?chǎng)于搜索硬盤中的地址。位于匹茲堡的卡耐基－梅隆大學(xué)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全中心CERT的Brian King認(rèn)為，與以前的病毒不同，巨無(wú)霸能“多徑發(fā)送”，能同時(shí)發(fā)送許多郵件，幾分鐘多達(dá)上千條。
沖擊波病毒使“緩沖區(qū)由遠(yuǎn)程程序指令占用”來(lái)進(jìn)行破壞。用普通語(yǔ)言來(lái)說(shuō)，就是向微軟視窗操作系統(tǒng)使用的一個(gè)軟件發(fā)動(dòng)進(jìn)攻，從而使一臺(tái)電腦控制另一臺(tái)電腦，只要讓該軟件的記憶儲(chǔ)存疲勞就可做到這一點(diǎn)。
多數(shù)蠕蟲病毒都是利用操作系統(tǒng)中的薄弱點(diǎn)進(jìn)行來(lái)破壞，但不管誰(shuí)編了沖擊波，這人有特別雅致的幽默感，因?yàn)樵獾焦舻木W(wǎng)址正是用戶獲取程序修補(bǔ)視窗缺陷的網(wǎng)址，這些缺陷被蠕蟲病毒利用。
對(duì)付像沖擊波這樣的惡毒蠕蟲的一個(gè)方法是，設(shè)計(jì)出一個(gè)教母蠕蟲，自動(dòng)修補(bǔ)電腦薄弱點(diǎn)。就沖擊波而言，似乎已有人設(shè)計(jì)出叫“Welchi”的程序。然而，Haley先生認(rèn)為，Welchi導(dǎo)致的問(wèn)題和沖擊波一樣的多，它使用一種檢測(cè)其他電腦存在的信號(hào)“pings”，而使網(wǎng)絡(luò)幾近癱瘓。
盡管這兩種病毒與編者的明顯的目標(biāo)差之甚遠(yuǎn)，它們還是造成了破壞。例如，它們迫使許多網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)閉，包括紐約時(shí)報(bào)的新聞室的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以及美國(guó)東海岸的貨運(yùn)公司CSX組織火車的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。電腦專家們說(shuō)，過(guò)不了多久，真正具有毀滅性的病毒就會(huì)出現(xiàn)。
26. 【答案】A
【解析】這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容，巨無(wú)霸破壞的主要手段是用大量的郵件，顯然答案為A。
27. 【答案】A
【解析】這是一道詞義題。根據(jù)首段末尾幾句，“doctor”一詞意為“偽造”，上下句語(yǔ)義才能連貫，而“falsify”正是這個(gè)意思，故為答案。
28. 【答案】D
【解析】這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。本文介紹了兩種病毒，文章首句又說(shuō)巨無(wú)霸是其中更加看得見(jiàn)的一種，可見(jiàn)沖擊波不太那么被人注意到，故D為答案。
29. 【答案】C
【解析】這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，Welchi是一種修補(bǔ)電腦程序感染的軟件，故答案為C。
30. 【答案】B
【解析】這是一道語(yǔ)氣題。文章分析了兩種病毒的機(jī)制特點(diǎn)，文末又顯示出對(duì)未來(lái)病毒的擔(dān)心，可見(jiàn)B項(xiàng)對(duì)文章語(yǔ)氣概括充分，為正確答案。
Text 3譯文
歐洲農(nóng)業(yè)部長(zhǎng)們結(jié)速了三周的談判，達(dá)成了一項(xiàng)協(xié)議，這項(xiàng)協(xié)議，據(jù)他們宣稱，要對(duì)歐洲共同的農(nóng)業(yè)政策（CAP）進(jìn)行真正的變革。這足以能啟動(dòng)多哈世界貿(mào)易會(huì)談嘛？
表面上看，6月26日星期四達(dá)成的這項(xiàng)協(xié)議很有希望，與具體農(nóng)產(chǎn)品掛鉤的多項(xiàng)補(bǔ)貼終于取消―――意思是直接給農(nóng)民付款，不與特定的產(chǎn)品掛鉤，借此取代以前的做法。幾項(xiàng)重要產(chǎn)品（包括牛奶和黃油）的支持性價(jià)格將要降低―――這意味著歐洲的價(jià)格終于趨于世界市場(chǎng)價(jià)格。切斷補(bǔ)貼和生產(chǎn)之間的聯(lián)系是Mr Fischler的提議的主要目標(biāo)，這為談判提供了一個(gè)起點(diǎn)。
CAP在世界上很招人嫌，它給歐洲農(nóng)民大量補(bǔ)貼，以致侵害了貧窮國(guó)家農(nóng)民的利益，他們面臨的貿(mào)易屏障使他們無(wú)法進(jìn)入有利可圖的歐洲市場(chǎng)。農(nóng)業(yè)貿(mào)易是多哈貿(mào)易會(huì)談的一個(gè)重要內(nèi)容，會(huì)談?dòng)?001年11月在世貿(mào)組織（WTO）的支持下舉行。發(fā)展中國(guó)家與許多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家聯(lián)合起來(lái)共同要求歐洲停止給農(nóng)民發(fā)放補(bǔ)貼。由于歐洲拒不讓步，多哈會(huì)談的最終期限一再錯(cuò)過(guò)，如果在世貿(mào)部長(zhǎng)們9月在墨西哥的坎坤會(huì)談前還沒(méi)有進(jìn)展，會(huì)談就有可能失敗。
但現(xiàn)在，甚至法國(guó)也已同意在盧森堡達(dá)成的這項(xiàng)協(xié)議，不管怎么說(shuō)，某種程度上是這樣。這一攬子措施為急切的變革者在自己的國(guó)家實(shí)施改革打開(kāi)了綠燈。但對(duì)法國(guó)和其他反對(duì)變革的國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)，還有一項(xiàng)回避條款，他們可以延遲多達(dá)2年時(shí)間實(shí)施協(xié)議，協(xié)議還說(shuō)，如果改革導(dǎo)致進(jìn)行耕種的土地?cái)?shù)量減少，協(xié)議可不予實(shí)施。
這些要求給參加多哈會(huì)談的歐洲談判者很大打擊，這可能極大地減少改革本可以取得的成本儲(chǔ)畜，并且使歐洲在農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的支出，按世界標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)說(shuō)顯得高得不能接受。說(shuō)得更廣泛一點(diǎn)，回避條款令人懷疑新協(xié)議能否促成其支持者所宣稱的變革，進(jìn)而削弱改革。仔細(xì)分析這一攬子必然非常復(fù)雜的舉措很可能證實(shí)懷疑者的擔(dān)心。
31．【答案】B
【解析】這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。題干用詞使我們將答案鎖定在第二段，答案為B。
32．【答案】C
【解析】這是一道推論題。第三段說(shuō)，不少國(guó)家對(duì)歐洲的補(bǔ)貼政策非常不滿，由此推論，文章所說(shuō)的協(xié)議可能出于外在的壓力而作出的，所以答案為C。B項(xiàng)不對(duì)，這項(xiàng)協(xié)議不會(huì)成為世貿(mào)部長(zhǎng)們爭(zhēng)議的東西，他們肯定歡迎這項(xiàng)協(xié)議。
33．【答案】A
【解析】這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題，根據(jù)第四段可知，法國(guó)和其他幾個(gè)國(guó)家提出，如果耕地減少（農(nóng)民們因沒(méi)有補(bǔ)貼而失去種地的興趣），可回避協(xié)議，答案應(yīng)為A。
34．【答案】C
【解析】這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后2段可知，回避條款使協(xié)議顯得復(fù)雜，所以答案為C。
35．【答案】D
【解析】這是一道主旨題。文章第一段點(diǎn)出全文話題：歐洲農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼政策的變革。下文又對(duì)協(xié)議的成功感到灰心。綜合可知答案應(yīng)為D（注定要失敗的CAP變革）。
Text 4譯文
也許只有在Hogwarts魔術(shù)學(xué)校受訓(xùn)做魔術(shù)師的小男孩才能產(chǎn)生如此大的魅力，造就有史以來(lái)最大的銷書狂潮。6月20 日，不管在世界的什么地方，午夜的鐘聲一響，他的追隨者就蜂擁而至，搶購(gòu)1000萬(wàn)冊(cè)“Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix”中的一本。書店半夜開(kāi)門，送貨公司招募更多的雇員、租用更多的卡車。相關(guān)的玩具、游戲、DVD及其它商品到處都是。哈里波特?zé)岢睙o(wú)所不在。
然而，波特的世界很奇怪，事情與往常不一樣。盡管易于激動(dòng)的媒體（包括《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》雜志也樂(lè)于宣傳這樣一個(gè)全球化的經(jīng)典之作）幫著鼓吹J.K. Rowling的第五部小說(shuō)的發(fā)行，出版商所做的最大膽的宣傳不過(guò)是請(qǐng)Rowling小姐到倫敦皇家阿爾伯特大廳朗讀一段，并在網(wǎng)上實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播。擁有除出版之外與哈里波特有關(guān)的一切的好萊塢，動(dòng)作也不多。真是不可思議，商標(biāo)的擁有者說(shuō)，為了保護(hù)與哈里波特相關(guān)的權(quán)利，他們正試圖保持底姿態(tài)。真的很底。
Rowling小姐于1998年與華納兄弟，美國(guó)在線時(shí)代華納的一部分，簽訂了合約，賦予電影廠全部拍攝電影、許可及商品開(kāi)發(fā)權(quán)，而她的所得現(xiàn)在看起來(lái)真廉價(jià)：約50萬(wàn)美元。華納許可其他公司使用哈里波特的人物形象生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，Rowling小姐也從中分得一大塊，使她比女王還富有————只要你相信英國(guó)Sunday Times所列的富人名單。這過(guò)程是增值的過(guò)程：書為電影搭建平臺(tái)，電影促進(jìn)書的銷售，書的銷售有帶動(dòng)哈里波特產(chǎn)品的銷售。
從全球來(lái)看，哈里波特的前四冊(cè)已用55 種語(yǔ)言，銷了2億冊(cè)；兩部電影的票房也達(dá)到18億美元。
怎么說(shuō)，這也是令人震驚的成功，尤其是Rowling小姐還一直要求不要將哈里波特過(guò)于商品化。與她的要求一致，華納說(shuō)他們一直很小心，至少按好萊塢的習(xí)慣標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)說(shuō)是這樣，無(wú)論是發(fā)放哪類許可還是發(fā)放給誰(shuí)都這樣。華納對(duì)Coca-Cola施加了嚴(yán)格的要求，堅(jiān)持哈里波特的形象不能出現(xiàn)在易拉罐上，而目前正將許可的發(fā)放進(jìn)一步嚴(yán)格化。Coca-Cola太大眾市場(chǎng)化了，不能持用波特商標(biāo)。
與華納的交易使得商品的開(kāi)發(fā)多系于電影本身。還沒(méi)有官方認(rèn)可的與Order of the Phoenix相關(guān)的產(chǎn)品出來(lái)，Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban也沒(méi)有，后者是第三部書的電影版，電影將在2004 年6月發(fā)行。華納也認(rèn)為，Rowling小姐的創(chuàng)作是一種不同的商品，它具有長(zhǎng)期的潛力，用好萊塢的閃電式營(yíng)銷方式會(huì)破壞它的前景，電影廠的哈里波特全球商標(biāo)經(jīng)理Diane Nelson就這么認(rèn)為。她還說(shuō)，由于更多的系列還未出版，不能將讀者疏遠(yuǎn)很關(guān)鍵�！笆袌�(chǎng)調(diào)研表明，波特迷們對(duì)波特的激情沒(méi)有消減”。
36. 【答案】A
【解析】這是一道句意題。第一段描述了波特迷們的世界性狂熱，由此可知A項(xiàng)為答案。
37. 【答案】B
【解析】這是一道例證題。文章說(shuō)到Rowling應(yīng)邀朗讀一事是為了說(shuō)明此次商家的行為不同往常，故此答案為B。
38. 【答案】D
【解析】這是一道作者觀點(diǎn)題。依據(jù)第三段首句，可知答案為D。
39. 【答案】C
【解析】這是一道主旨題。段落的主要意思是華納按Rowling的要求做了，嚴(yán)緊過(guò)分的商業(yè)化。故答案為C。
40. 【答案】D
【解析】這是一道推論題。前文說(shuō)華納不想過(guò)分商業(yè)化Potter，最后一段重申這種做法的正確性，并說(shuō)市場(chǎng)調(diào)研表明Potter迷們的激情未減，可以推論，公司在未來(lái)還將保持這一策略。故答案為D。
Part B
【總體分析】
本文講直升飛機(jī)短途服務(wù)給人們的生活帶來(lái)的種種變化。前三段描述了一個(gè)假定的場(chǎng)面，說(shuō)明直升飛機(jī)的便捷服務(wù)。第五段說(shuō)“There will be many startling changes in our way of life”，這是全文的關(guān)鍵句，它決定了下文的幾個(gè)段落的內(nèi)容。
【詳細(xì)解答】
41．F
本題涉及前后段的內(nèi)容把握，由于前三段是描述便捷的直升飛機(jī)為“you”服務(wù)的過(guò)程，所以F項(xiàng)應(yīng)為正確答案。
42．C
本題考察考生對(duì)全文，尤其前三段與下文的邏輯關(guān)系的把握能力。作為一個(gè)自然的過(guò)渡，既與上面的描述銜接，又與下文的內(nèi)容呼應(yīng)，C項(xiàng)是最佳選擇，C中的“this”很重要。
43．A
本題既涉及考生對(duì)文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)（尤其第五段末的全文核心句）的把握，又涉及考生對(duì)下文的句意內(nèi)容的理解。能夠滿足這兩個(gè)要求的選項(xiàng)為A。
44．G
本題考察考生對(duì)段落內(nèi)部邏輯的把握。既然下文說(shuō)“But the short haul （運(yùn)輸）of less than 1000 miles is equally the task of the helicopter”，對(duì)應(yīng)的上文就該是G項(xiàng)。
45．E
本題考察考生對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)的把握能力。既然第五段末句說(shuō)了“many changes”，而文章6－10段分別講述直升飛機(jī)的服務(wù)對(duì)人類生活帶來(lái)的各種變化，那么45題，即第十段的內(nèi)容應(yīng)是E項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)與上段內(nèi)容重復(fù)。
Part C
46. [結(jié)構(gòu)分析] 這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。For引導(dǎo)一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，其中包含了not…but結(jié)構(gòu)。
[詞匯難點(diǎn)] “in this sense”意為“在這一意義上”。
[參考譯文] 在這一意義上，財(cái)富并不是錢財(cái)，因?yàn)槲覀兊纳娌⒉灰蕾囉阱X而是依賴于錢所能購(gòu)買的東西：諸如食品、衣服的物品和諸如交通、娛樂(lè)的服務(wù)。
47. [結(jié)構(gòu)分析] 這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。分號(hào)隔開(kāi)了兩個(gè)部分。
[詞匯難點(diǎn)] “be well supplied with”意為“有充足的供給”；“fertile”意為“肥沃的”。
[參考譯文] 世界上有些地區(qū)蘊(yùn)藏著豐富的煤炭和礦產(chǎn)資源，有豐沃的土地和宜人的氣候；而其它一些地區(qū)卻一無(wú)所有。
48. [結(jié)構(gòu)分析] 這是一個(gè)并不簡(jiǎn)單的簡(jiǎn)單句。一共有3個(gè)并列成分。
[詞匯難點(diǎn)] “well off”意為“富裕的”。
[參考譯文] 有些國(guó)家自然資源可能很豐富，但卻多年以來(lái)飽受內(nèi)外戰(zhàn)的困擾，并且因?yàn)檫@個(gè)或那個(gè)的原因不能夠發(fā)展本國(guó)資源。
49. [結(jié)構(gòu)分析] 這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。not only…but also的結(jié)構(gòu)。
[詞匯難點(diǎn)] “within its own borders”譯為“在本國(guó)內(nèi)”。
[參考譯文] 一個(gè)國(guó)家的生活水準(zhǔn)，不僅取決于它在本國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)的財(cái)富，還取決于它通過(guò)國(guó)際貿(mào)易間接生產(chǎn)的財(cái)富。
50. [結(jié)構(gòu)分析] 這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。provided that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
[詞匯難點(diǎn)] “provided”意為“倘若，只要，假如”。
[參考譯文] 因此，一個(gè)國(guó)家的財(cái)富很大程度上受到它的生產(chǎn)能力的影響，如果有其它國(guó)家愿意接受它的產(chǎn)品的話。
Section III Writing
寫作分析：
寫作A是一篇感謝信，考生注意審讀規(guī)定的情景和相應(yīng)提綱，挖掘?qū)懽鲀?nèi)容，做好字?jǐn)?shù)方面的布局，然后按相應(yīng)提綱逐項(xiàng)展開(kāi)。寫作時(shí)，要注意不同的寫作對(duì)象和和寫作目的，注意語(yǔ)體措辭的得體性。
寫作B是一篇情景作文，考生要審讀所給情景，確定文章的主題，設(shè)定三段的寫作內(nèi)容�？忌鷤儗懲曜约旱淖魑暮�，可參看并分析下面的范文，如，它是怎樣設(shè)定三段的寫作內(nèi)容的，又用了那些句式和詞匯去表達(dá)內(nèi)容，從中汲取寫作的營(yíng)養(yǎng)。
Part A
Dear Cathy,
Please accept my thanks for the very pleasant time I spent together with you for the past week.
I very much appreciated your hospitality and also thoroughly enjoyed the six very interesting days together, driving along the coast at the sunset, swimming at the sea, eating those delicious seafood, watching classic movies at cinema, playing video games for a whole night and doing many other wonderful things .
I know the past six beautiful days will keep me happy for a long time.
Now I would like to express my thanks for your warm hospitality with a little gift that you will
shortly receive.
Cordially,
Susan
Part B
Interviews are being held to seek persons for some vacancies in our company and people are wondering how to find the right persons. Someone claims that the first impression is a reliable basis for judgment. There could be some truth in his saying, but I insist that only a thorough study of the applicant can provide a solid basis on which the manager may decide whether he or she is qualified for the job.
In the interview, responsibility and ability, among other things, are the two foremost qualities the manager should stress in his assessment of the applicant. It’s hard to imagine a person without responsibility can perform his duties well. And persons who are lack of responsibility but hold important positions may bring disasters to the company involved, to the public and to the society. The same is true of those without abilities. One often hears of news stories in which incompetent guys, reportedly, bring about huge amount of economic loss to the companies or even to the country.
In my opinion, interviewers should try to judge the applicants in many relevant respects, not just the first impression. And I’m confident that qualified applicants can thus be found and contribute to the development of our company.
