張錦芯考研英語疑難長句100句[下]

    51. So welfare opportunities are a significant determinant of family instability in poor neighborhoods, but this is not the result of AFDC regulations that exclude most intact families from coverage.��

　　【譯文】 因此，獲得福利補貼的機會，在貧窮階層的人中是導(dǎo)致家庭破裂的一個重要決定因素，但是，這不是“救助有受撫養(yǎng)子女的家庭”政策所導(dǎo)致的，何況多數(shù)完好家庭也不屬于補助范圍。

　　52. Rather, welfare�瞨elated instability occurs because public assistance lowers both the benefits of marriage and the costs of its breach by providing a system of government�瞫ubsidized payments.

　　【譯文】 相反，由福利制度導(dǎo)致的家庭破裂之所以發(fā)生，是因為公共救助計劃提供了一種政府補助體制，它不僅減少了婚姻的利益，而且降低了破裂的代價。

　　53. The warning signs can be difficult enough to recognize; but the problem of identifying major depression in teens is further complicated by the fact that even these ambiguous signs are not always present.��

　　【譯文】 警告信號可能很難辨認，但是，即使這些含糊的信號也不一定總是存在，這一事實使辨認青少年身上所表現(xiàn)出的重大消沉情緒的問題變得更加復(fù)雜。��

　　54. They are using what we know as signs, to communicate with each other about some situation that is present at that moment: gathering the group, alarm, hunting, mating.��

　　【譯文】 他們使用我們稱做符號的東西，相互之間在談?wù)撝�此時此刻所發(fā)生的事情：如集合、警告、獵取、交配等。��

　　55. Is it possible to imagine something as highly refined and subtle as the cave paintings of 15,000 years ago without language to enable manipulation and transference of ideas?

　　【譯文】 如果沒有語言來構(gòu)思和傳達思想，怎么想像能創(chuàng)作出15 000年前如此精美細致的洞穴繪畫呢？��

　　56. Possession of language is a defining mark of our humanity, and it has been faithfully accompanying us ever since our branch first emerged as a distinct species.��

　　【譯文】 擁有語言是我們?nèi)祟惖囊粋�區(qū)別性標(biāo)志，自我們作為一個特殊的物種存在以來，語言能力一直伴隨著我們。

　　57. In Prague, when Tomas and Tereza brought a new chair or moved a flower pot, Karenin would look on in displeasure. It disturbed his sense of time. Nonetheless, he soon managed to reestablish the old order and old rituals in the Zurich flat.��

　　【譯文】 在布拉格，當(dāng)托馬斯和特里薩買把新椅子，或移動花盆時，卡列寧會感到很不高興。這攪亂了他的時間意識。但是，在蘇黎世的公寓里，他很快就恢復(fù)了過去的秩序和舊禮節(jié)。��

　　58. In periods of despair, she would remind herself she had to hold on because of him, because he was weaker than she, weaker perhaps even than Dubcek and their abandoned homeland.

　　【譯文】 在絕望時刻，她總是提醒自己要為他而堅持下去，因為他比她更脆弱，甚至也許比杜布切克和他們離開的祖國還要脆弱。

　　59. When she said that Tomas wasn’t there and she didn’t know when he’d be back, the woman on the other end of the line started laughing and, without saying good-bye, hung up.��

　　【譯文】 當(dāng)她說托馬斯不在，不知道什么時候能回來時，電話另一端的那個女人大笑了起來，沒說再見就掛斷了電話。��

　　60. It was then that she realized she had lost the last bit of strength she had had at home; she was absolutely incapable of tolerating this absolutely insignificant incident.

　　【譯文】 恰恰在那時，她意識到自己在家時曾擁有的力量已經(jīng)消失殆盡；她根本無法忍受這件雞毛蒜皮的小事。

 
61. The fact that they loved each other was merely proof that the fault lay not in themselves, in their behavior or inconstancy of feeling, but rather in their incompatibility; he was strong and she was weak.��

　　【譯文】 他們彼此相愛，這個事實只能證明他們本身沒有問題，他們的行為或情感的搖擺也沒問題。問題在于他們彼此不相容：他很堅強，而她太脆弱。��

　　62. They were no longer occasional practitioners of art, as the cave painters had been, but full professionals — i.e., men skilled in a specialized occupation, practicing it full-time and probably earning all of their livelihood from it.��

　　【譯文】 他們不再像洞穴壁畫的創(chuàng)作者一樣是藝術(shù)品的偶然創(chuàng)作者，而是全職的職業(yè)創(chuàng)作者，即：他們擅長于某個特定行業(yè)，全職從事之，也許還以此為生。��

　　63. But even the relatively simple definition of a professional as a person receiving pay for carrying out a specialized occupation on a full-time basis is difficult to apply to the arts.��

　　【譯文】 但是，即使將職業(yè)者相對簡單地定義為全職從事某個特定行業(yè)并從中取得報酬的人，這個定義也很難適用于藝術(shù)。��

　　64. Nearly everywhere and always, music, architecture, and poetry have been regarded as professions, while pottery making has been regarded as an art and granted the dignity of a profession only in some non�瞁estern cultures.��

　　【譯文】 幾乎在每個地方，音樂、建筑和詩歌總是被看做是專業(yè)，而制陶只在某些西方以外的國家被看做藝術(shù)，并被冠以專業(yè)的名譽。��

　　65. The attempt to gain for some of the arts the status of learned or quasi-learned professions resulted in a distinction between “the fine arts" and “the applied arts", a distinction that has done harm to both.��

　　【譯文】 人們賦予某些藝術(shù)以有學(xué)問或半學(xué)問的專業(yè)地位，區(qū)分出“高雅藝術(shù)”和“應(yīng)用藝術(shù)”，這種做法對彼此都有害無益。��

　　66. The gradual breakdown of the attitude that permitted such exclusive categories to be created and the general rejection of the false distinctions between art and utility are encouraging developments in the arts in recent times.��

　　【譯文】 這種彼此排斥的分類態(tài)度正在逐漸改變，人們普遍拒絕對藝術(shù)和實用做人為的區(qū)分，態(tài)度的改變目前正在促進藝術(shù)的發(fā)展。��

　　67. Michelson’s work is valuable, as a reflection of the day to day responsibilities of Mesquakie women, yet as is often the case with life�瞤assage studies, it presents little of the central character’s psychological motivation.��

　　【譯文】 邁克遜的著作是有價值的，反映了Mesquakie婦女的日常職責(zé)，但是，像其他生活過程研究一樣，它對主人翁心理動機的描述甚少。

　　��

　　68. For example, in Maria Campbell’s account of growing up as a Canadian Metis who was influenced strongly by the non�瞡ative American world around her, one learns a great deal about the life of native American women, but Campbell’s individual story, which is told to us directly, is always the center of her narrative.��

　　【譯文】 例如，瑪利亞·坎貝爾敘述了自己作為一個加拿大邁提斯人的成長過程，她深受周圍的非本土的北美世界影響，她的故事使讀者對本土美洲婦女的生活有了很多了解，但是，坎貝爾的個人故事是她親自向讀者講述的，它始終是書的主線。

　　69. As anthropologist Ralph Lonton said, “The last thing a fish would ever notice would be water." So it is with people: except in unusual circumstances, the effects of our own culture generally remain imperceptible to us.��

　　【譯文】 人類學(xué)家拉爾夫·蘭頓說：“魚根本注意不到水的存在�！比艘彩沁@樣：除非在不同尋常的情況下，文化對我們的影響通常不為我們所注意。

　　��

　　70. No longer could I count on people to stare only surreptitiously, to take precautions against invisible microbes, or to stand in an orderly way one behind the other on the basis of time of arrival to obtain a service.��

　　【譯文】 我再也不能指望人們僅僅偷偷地看，不能再擔(dān)心看不見的細菌，或井然有序地按先來后到順序一個個排隊來獲得某項服務(wù)。��

　　71. The aerospace industry is the complex of manufacturing concerns engaged in the production of flight vehicles, including unpowered gliders and sailplanes, lighter than air-craft, ground-effect machines, heavier than air craft of both fixed-wing and rotary-wing varieties, military missiles, space launch vehicles, and manned or unmanned spacecraft; propulsion systems and other thrusting devices; on board equipment essential to the design purpose of the flight vehicle; and ground-based support equipment needed for the operation and maintenance of the flight vehicle.��

　　【譯文】 航天工業(yè)是一個綜合制造行業(yè)，從事各種飛行器的生產(chǎn)，包括：各種無動力滑翔機，輕于空氣的飛行器，地面效應(yīng)機械設(shè)備，重于空氣的各種固定和旋轉(zhuǎn)機翼飛行器，軍用導(dǎo)彈，太空發(fā)射器，載人或無人飛行器，推進系統(tǒng)或其他助推設(shè)備，對飛行器的設(shè)計至關(guān)重要的艙內(nèi)設(shè)備，控制和維護飛行器的地面設(shè)備。

　　72. Russia, France, and the United Kingdom, as well as the European Space Agency, also have achieved a high degree of aerospace sophistication and have the ability to manufacture home designed systems including the entire range of aerospace vehicles.��

　　【譯文】 俄羅斯、法國、英國以及歐洲航天局也在航天技術(shù)上取得很高的成就，能夠制造包括各種航空飛行器在內(nèi)的本國自身設(shè)計的系統(tǒng)。

　　73. In the United States, nonaerospace systems, primarily for state and municipal governments, utilities, surface�瞭ransportation companies, hospitals, and other segments of the medical community, represent a significant portion of total sales.��

　　【譯文】 在美國，非航空設(shè)備的主要客戶是各州和市政府、公用事業(yè)公司、地面運輸公司、醫(yī)院和其他醫(yī)療機構(gòu)，這些設(shè)備的生產(chǎn)占總銷售量的很大一部分。

　　74. Between 1940 and 1980 in the United States, for example, per-acre yields of corn tripled, those of wheat and soybeans doubled, and farm output per hour of farm work increased almost 10 fold as capital was substituted for labour.��

　　【譯文】 例如，美國在1940～1980期間玉米的畝產(chǎn)量增加了2倍，小麥和大豆增加了1倍；換算為現(xiàn)金計算，每工時的農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量增加了近9倍。

　　75. This is an opportunity for some of us to suggest to Hollywood where that boundary of consumer tolerance is. Especially those of us who have not yet convinced Hollywood to cease its descent into ever�瞝ower levels of desensitization of our young.��

　　【譯文】 現(xiàn)在是個機會，我們應(yīng)該告訴好萊塢消費者的忍耐力所能達到的限度。特別是對我們這些還沒有說服好萊塢，阻止他們使我們的年輕一代變得越來越冷漠的人來說。