考研英語案例剖析—寫作中的語言轉(zhuǎn)換與更替

　　句式轉(zhuǎn)換：　　

　　為了加強(qiáng)同學(xué)們對語法知識在寫作中的靈活應(yīng)用，下面給出14種句式及語言調(diào)整的效果，內(nèi)容上沒有太大差異，只是請辨別每句話所側(cè)重的句式：

　　1．表語從句

　　The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard, and being shocked at the message. The reason is that the billboard is advertising a “sale of the dead bodies”.

　　2. 介詞短語

　　In the picture, two people are reading the announcement and they are being shocked at the message of “a sale of dead bodies” on a billboard.

　　3．疑問句

　　The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. Why are they so shocked? The reason is that the billboard is advertising a “sale of the dead bodies”.

　　4. 原因狀語從句

　　The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. As the billboard is advertising a “sale of the dead bodies”, they are shocked at the message.

　　5. 結(jié)果狀語從句

　　The picture shows two people reading the announcement on a billboard. The billboard is advertising a “sale of the dead bodies” so that they are shocked at the message.

　　6. 時間狀語從句

　　in the picture, while the two people are reading the announcement on the billboard about “a sale of the dead bodies”, they are being deeply shocked.

　　7. 分詞短語

　　In the picture, reading the message of a ‘sale of the dead bodies” advertised on the billboard, the two people are deeply shocked.

　　8. 主動語態(tài)

　　In the picture, the announcement on a billboard advertising a “sale of the dead bodies” shocks the two people reading it.

　　9. There be 結(jié)構(gòu)

　　In the picture, there is an announcement on a billboard advertising a “sale of the dead bodies” and shocking the two people reading it.

　　10. 倒裝句

　　On a billboard is an announcement advertising a “sale of the dead bodies”. The two people reading it are being shocked.

　　11. 定語從句

　　In the picture, the announcement on a billboard which advertises a “sale of the dead bodies” shocks the two people reading it.

　　12．強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　　In the picture, it is the announcement on a billboard advertising a “sale of the dead bodies” that shocks the two people reading it.

　　13. 虛擬語氣

　　In the picture, were it not for the announcement on the billboard advertising a “sale of the dead bodies”, the two people would not be so shocked.

　　14. 復(fù)雜書面語

　　It is of considerable interest to observe in this bizarre caricature that a couple of citizens, reading an announcement issued on the billboard, are taken aback as a result of the astounding message which informs people of a “sale of dead bodies”.

　　句中使用的詞組包括：be of considerable interest, a couple of, taken aback, as a result of, inform sb. of

　　長句采用的特殊語法包括：賓語從句+分詞結(jié)構(gòu)做插入語+分詞作后置定語（issued）+被動語態(tài)+原因短語+定語從句

　　句式轉(zhuǎn)換可以考慮的方式

　　如果大家對句型轉(zhuǎn)換依然缺乏信心，我就為大家提供以下的思路作為參考。一般來說，以下12種措施是可以考慮的�？梢愿鶕�(jù)句子的內(nèi)容特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行靈活置換。

　　1． 主動句與被動句的轉(zhuǎn)換

　　2． There be 結(jié)構(gòu)的采用；It is放在句首的形式

　　3． 同位語的設(shè)置

　　4． 疑問句形式

　　5． 否定和雙重否定形式

　　6． 倒裝句形式

　　7． 強(qiáng)調(diào)句形式

　　8． 虛擬語氣形式

　　9． 各類從句形式

　　六大類從句：主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、定語從句、狀語從句、同謂語從句

　　其中狀語從句可以考慮9種：時間狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、原因狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、目的狀語從句、條件狀語從句、方式狀語從句、比較狀語從句

　　10. 連續(xù)短句和長句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換

　　11. 簡單用詞和書面語詞組、固定句型的轉(zhuǎn)換

　　12. 修辭形式的考慮，如比喻和排比

　　好，再改下去就眼花繚亂了，如果加上各種措詞或修辭現(xiàn)象的斟酌，版本會越來越多。想必“尸銷展”看多了也有點(diǎn)恐怖氣氛。還好，我想各位已經(jīng)體會到了汪老師的良苦用心。請翻開你的教材，隨意選上兩句話開始brainstorm，對這些句子搞個外科手術(shù)吧，挑戰(zhàn)極限，一試身手，你真會為豐富多彩的英語語言歡呼呢！