考研英語閱讀理解精讀100篇【信息技術(shù)類】

閱讀理解精選100篇---信息技術(shù)類

Unit 31
Valeta Young, 81, a retiree from Lodi, Calif., suffers from congestive heart failure and requires almost constant monitoring. But she doesn't have to drive anywhere to get it. Twice a day she steps onto a special electronic scale, answers a few yes or no questions via push buttons on a small attached monitor and presses a button that sends the information to a nurse's station in San Antonio, Texas. "It's almost a direct link to my doctor," says Young, who describes herself as computer illiterate but says she has no problems using the equipment.

Young is not the only patient who is dealing with her doctor from a distance. Remote monitoring is a rapidly growing field in medical technology, with more than 25 firms competing to measure remotely--and transmit by phone, Internet or through the airwaves--everything from patients' heart rates to how often they cough.

Prompted both by the rise in health-care costs and the increasing computerization of health-care equipment, doctors are using remote monitoring to track a widening variety of chronic diseases. In March, St. Francis University in Pittsburgh, Pa., partnered with a company called BodyMedia on a study in which rural diabetes patients use wireless glucose meters and armband sensors to monitor their disease. And last fall, Yahoo began offering subscribers the ability to chart their asthma conditions online, using a PDA-size respiratory monitor that measures lung functions in real time and e-mails the data directly to doctors.

Such home monitoring, says Dr. George Dailey, a physician at the Scripps Clinic in San Diego, "could someday replace less productive ways that patients track changes in their heart rate, blood sugar, lipid levels, kidney functions and even vision."

Dr. Timothy Moore, executive vice president of Alere Medical, which produces the smart scales that Young and more than 10,000 other patients are using, says that almost any vital sign could, in theory, be monitored from home. But, he warns, that might not always make good medical sense. He advises against performing electrocardiograms remotely, for example, and although he acknowledges that remote monitoring of blood-sugar levels and diabetic ulcers on the skin may have real value, he points out that there are no truly independent studies that establish the value of home testing for diabetes or asthma.

Such studies are needed because the technology is still in its infancy and medical experts are divided about its value. But on one thing they all agree: you should never rely on any remote testing system without clearing it with your doctor.

注（1）：本文選自Time；8/9/2004, p101-101, 1/2p, 2c；
注（2）：本文習(xí)題命題模仿對象2004年真題text 1；

1.       How does Young monitor her health conditions?

[A] By stepping on an electronic scale.
[B] By answering a few yes or no questions.
[C] By using remote monitoring service.
[D] By establishing a direct link to her doctor.

2.       Which of the following is not used in remote monitoring?

[A] car
[B] telephone
[C] Internet
[D] the airwaves

3.       The word “prompted” (Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably means ________. 

[A] made
[B] reminded
[C] aroused
[D] driven

4.       Why is Dr. Timothy Moore against performing electrocardiograms remotely?

[A] Because it is a less productive way of monitoring.
[B] Because it doesn’t make good medical sense.
[C] Because it’s value has not been proved by scientific study
[D] Because it is not allowed by doctors

5.       Which of the following is true according to the text?

[A] Computer illiterate is advised not to use remote monitoring.
[B] The development of remote monitoring market is rather sluggish.
[C] Remote monitoring is mainly used to track chronic diseases.
[D] Medical experts agree on the value of remote monitoring.

答案：CADBC

篇章剖析
本文是一篇說明文，介紹了遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)目前的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，它的優(yōu)勢，相反的意見等。第一段以一位病人通過遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)就醫(yī)的例子引入話題。第二段介紹了遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)市場的情況。第三段介紹了遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)在醫(yī)療保健領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。第四段引用醫(yī)生的話說明這種監(jiān)護(hù)方式的好處。第五段介紹反對的聲音，最后一段得出結(jié)論：在沒有得到醫(yī)生的許可下，決不能依賴任何遠(yuǎn)程測試系統(tǒng)。

詞匯注釋
congestive[] adj. 【醫(yī)】充血的， 充血性的
diabetes[] n. [醫(yī)] 糖尿病, 多尿癥
glucose[] n. 葡萄糖
asthma[] n. [醫(yī)]哮喘
PDA  n. Personal Digital Assistant 個(gè)人數(shù)字助理（又稱掌上電腦）
respiratory[] adj. 呼吸的
lipid[] n. 脂質(zhì)
electrocardiogram[] n. .[醫(yī)]心電圖, 心動(dòng)電流圖(略作ECG)
ulcer[] n. 潰瘍
infancy[] n. 開始；初期

難句突破
1. And last fall, Yahoo began offering subscribers the ability to chart their asthma conditions online, using a PDA-size respiratory monitor that measures lung functions in real time and e-mails the data directly to doctors.
主體句式：Yahoo began offering subscribers the ability…
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)雜句，不定式短語to chart…作定語，修飾the ability，現(xiàn)在分詞using及其后面的成分則在句中作方式狀語，其中包含有一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾measures。
句子譯文：此外，雅虎在去年秋季也開始為用戶提供了解他們哮喘情況的在線繪圖服務(wù)，用戶使用的是一個(gè)大小和掌上電腦差不多的呼吸監(jiān)視器，它可以實(shí)時(shí)測量他們肺部功能并且直接將數(shù)據(jù)通過電子郵件發(fā)送給醫(yī)生。
2. He advises against performing electrocardiograms remotely, for example, and although he acknowledges that remote monitoring of blood-sugar levels and diabetic ulcers on the skin may have real value, he points out that there are no truly independent studies that establish the value of home testing for diabetes or asthma.
主體句式：He advises…and he points out that…
結(jié)構(gòu)分析：這個(gè)句子是一個(gè)復(fù)雜句，主體結(jié)構(gòu)為并列句結(jié)構(gòu)，在第二個(gè)并列分句里有一個(gè)although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，這個(gè)從句里還含有一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，第二個(gè)并列分句里的賓語由賓語從句充當(dāng)，這個(gè)從句里包含有一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
句子譯文：比如，他反對做遠(yuǎn)程心電圖，雖然他承認(rèn)遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控血糖水平和糖尿病性皮膚潰瘍也許會(huì)有實(shí)際價(jià)值，但他指出并沒有真正獨(dú)立的研究證實(shí)家庭測試糖尿病或者哮喘的價(jià)值。

題目分析
1. 答案為C，屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第一段講Young在家中每天上兩回電子稱，通過電子秤上的一臺小型監(jiān)視器上的按鈕回答一些答案為“是”或“否”的問題，然后再按一個(gè)按鈕把信息送到德克薩斯州圣安東尼奧的一個(gè)護(hù)士臺。第二段開頭說，Young并不是遠(yuǎn)程就醫(yī)的唯一病人，可見她是通過遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)服務(wù)來監(jiān)測自己的健康情況的。
2. 答案為A，屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段提到Y(jié)oung的身體監(jiān)護(hù)時(shí)說，“she doesn't have to drive anywhere to get it”。第二段提到各種測量數(shù)據(jù)是通過“phone, Internet or through the airwaves”傳送的，可見汽車是不用于遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)的。
3. 答案為D，屬猜詞題。根據(jù)上下文，“醫(yī)療保健成本的增加和醫(yī)療保健設(shè)備的不斷計(jì)算機(jī)化”顯然和醫(yī)生們開始利用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)有著因果聯(lián)系，所以“prompted”表示“促使”的意思，D項(xiàng)意義最為接近。arouse通常都表示“引起或者喚起某種情感”。
4. 答案為B，屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文中第五段提到Dr. Timothy Moore時(shí)說，“他警告說，那種做法并不總是make good medical sense�！苯酉聛砭团e他反對performing electrocardiograms remotely為例�？梢娮鲞h(yuǎn)程心電圖的醫(yī)學(xué)價(jià)值不大。
5. 答案為C，屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第二段第二行提到醫(yī)生們正在利用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)監(jiān)測a widening variety of chronic diseases。可見遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)主要是用于監(jiān)測慢性疾病。這個(gè)答案也可以從文中提到的應(yīng)用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)測的充血性心力衰竭，糖尿病，哮喘等疾病推斷出來。

參考譯文
81歲高齡的瓦勒塔•揚(yáng)是來自加利福尼亞勞地的退休老人，她身患充血性心力衰竭，需要長時(shí)間的監(jiān)護(hù)。但她不必外出求醫(yī)。每天她到一臺電子秤上秤兩回，通過電子秤上的一臺小型監(jiān)視器上的按鈕回答一些答案為“是”或“否”的問題，然后再按一個(gè)按鈕把信息送到德克薩斯州圣安東尼奧的一個(gè)護(hù)士臺。“這跟直接同我的醫(yī)生聯(lián)系差不多，”揚(yáng)說道。她說自己是個(gè)電腦盲，但用這臺設(shè)備并沒有問題。

揚(yáng)并不是遠(yuǎn)程就醫(yī)的唯一病人。遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)是目前醫(yī)學(xué)技術(shù)快速發(fā)展的一個(gè)領(lǐng)域，有超過25家公司正在競爭遠(yuǎn)程測量業(yè)務(wù)---并且通過電話，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)或者電視廣播來發(fā)送---包括病人心律，咳嗽頻率在內(nèi)的各種測量信息。

由于醫(yī)療保健成本的增加和醫(yī)療保健設(shè)備的不斷計(jì)算機(jī)化，醫(yī)生們目前正在運(yùn)用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)護(hù)來監(jiān)測各種慢性疾病，而且監(jiān)測范圍也在不斷擴(kuò)大。三月，賓夕法尼亞州匹茲堡的圣弗朗西斯大學(xué)和一家名為“波遞米達(dá)”（BodyMedia）的公司聯(lián)合進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，讓居住在農(nóng)村的糖尿病患者使用無線血糖儀和綁在胳膊上的傳感器來監(jiān)測他們的病情。此外，雅虎在去年秋季也開始為用戶提供了解他們哮喘情況的在線繪圖服務(wù)，用戶使用的是一個(gè)大小和掌上電腦差不多的呼吸監(jiān)視器，它可以實(shí)時(shí)測量他們肺部功能并且直接將數(shù)據(jù)通過電子郵件發(fā)送給醫(yī)生。

圣迭戈斯克里普斯診所的醫(yī)生喬治•戴利說，這種家庭監(jiān)測“將會(huì)取代那些效果略差的方法，讓病人記錄自己的心律，血糖，血脂水平，腎功能甚至視力方面的變化。”

阿勒爾醫(yī)療公司是生產(chǎn)揚(yáng)和其他一萬多位病人所使用的那種小型秤的企業(yè)。該公司的執(zhí)行副總裁蒂莫西•莫爾醫(yī)生認(rèn)為，從理論上講，任何重大病兆都可以在家里監(jiān)測到。但是，他警告說，那種做法并不總是可行。比如，他反對做遠(yuǎn)程心電圖，雖然他承認(rèn)遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控血糖水平和糖尿病性皮膚潰瘍也許會(huì)有實(shí)際價(jià)值，但他指出并沒有真正獨(dú)立的研究證實(shí)家庭測試糖尿病或者哮喘的價(jià)值。

由于該技術(shù)尚處于初期，醫(yī)學(xué)專家對其價(jià)值意見分歧，因而有必要進(jìn)行這類研究。但醫(yī)學(xué)專家都一致同意：在沒有得到醫(yī)生的許可下，決不能依賴任何遠(yuǎn)程測試系統(tǒng)。

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