08考研英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)：吳耀武核心詞匯100篇

2008考研英語詞匯全攻略
主編:  吳耀武
共同探討英語人生
量身定做學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃
緊緊把握考試脈搏
傳授英語應(yīng)試策略
奠定良好心理基礎(chǔ)
培養(yǎng)進(jìn)取人生態(tài)度

海文考研教育研究中心
2007年5月

主講教師簡(jiǎn)介
吳耀武:著名英語教學(xué)與測(cè)試專家；西安外國(guó)語大學(xué)語言測(cè)試研究中心副主任；全國(guó)公共英語等級(jí)考試（PETS）考官；先后兩次赴香港嶺南大學(xué)進(jìn)修和工作；陜西電視臺(tái)《考試聯(lián)盟》欄目、西安音樂臺(tái)《快樂時(shí)光》欄目、西安經(jīng)濟(jì)廣播電臺(tái)《空中英語角》節(jié)目特邀嘉賓�，F(xiàn)已出版考研英語《黑博士系列叢書》（人民日?qǐng)?bào)出版社）、大學(xué)英語四六級(jí)《考試專家系列叢書》、《全攻略系列叢書》（西工大出版社）和英語專業(yè)四八級(jí)《TEM-4/考試指南》等系列叢書（世界圖書傳版社）30余部，近800萬字。于2001年起在全國(guó)高校作關(guān)于考研英語、雅思（IELTS）、英語專業(yè)四八級(jí)（TEM-4/8）和大學(xué)英語四六級(jí)（CET-4/6）巡回講座，在各大高校均引起巨大轟動(dòng)，講座場(chǎng)場(chǎng)爆滿。并受到新浪、搜狐、中國(guó)考試網(wǎng)、都市快報(bào)、西安零距離、華商報(bào)、西安晚報(bào)、三秦都市報(bào)等多家媒體的關(guān)注和專訪。他在英語培訓(xùn)領(lǐng)域提出了自己獨(dú)特的教學(xué)理念
——努力改進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)方法、量身定做學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃；
緊緊把握考試脈搏，傳授英語應(yīng)試策略；
奠定良好心理基礎(chǔ)，培養(yǎng)進(jìn)取人生態(tài)度。
這一理念在課堂上得以貫徹并為廣大學(xué)員所認(rèn)可。現(xiàn)在吳老師每年在北京、上海、西安、武漢、南京、石家莊、沈陽、天津、烏魯木齊等20多所中心城市主講考研英語和大學(xué)英語四六級(jí)課程，經(jīng)他直接培訓(xùn)的學(xué)員已逾10萬人，聽眾更是不計(jì)其數(shù)。學(xué)員對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)是：
――― 感情真摯，敬業(yè)專注；
――― 才思敏捷，經(jīng)典幽默；
――― 傳授知識(shí)如春風(fēng)化雨，潤(rùn)物無聲；
――― 談應(yīng)試技巧如數(shù)家珍，揮灑自如；
――― 他的語言總是富有人生哲理，他的課堂永遠(yuǎn)充滿著歡笑從容；他傳播的不僅僅是英語知識(shí)，更是一種人生感悟！
 
第一部分 考研英語核心詞匯
記單詞時(shí)不要采用從A——Z的順序，而是要靈活搭配，比如A和J， B和O，C和N，D和L等，這樣記起來既不覺得累又有成就感。一定記住吳老師的建議：每天晚上看1-2頁，把自己已經(jīng)記住的暫時(shí)劃出來，第二天早上無論多忙都要把前一天晚上看過的單詞復(fù)習(xí)一遍，然后再分別過3天、7天、15天、30天各復(fù)習(xí)一遍，堅(jiān)持下來，到考前一周看最后一遍時(shí)，你會(huì)覺得大部分單詞都已經(jīng)很熟悉了。另外，務(wù)必要把自己做過的歷年真題或模擬題中的詞匯題集中整理起來，這樣的對(duì)比記憶特別有助于我們對(duì)近義近形詞匯的辨析。這樣堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)，雙管齊下，一定會(huì)取得良好學(xué)習(xí)效果！
abide  遵循（…by）；容忍  The one thing she cannot abide is lying.
abnormal  反常的  abnormal behavior
abolish  徹底廢除（法律、制度、習(xí)俗等）abolish old custom
abrupt  突然的，意外的  an abrupt departure
absolute  純粹的，完全的  have absolute trust in sb.
absorb  吸收，吸進(jìn)  A sponge absorbs water.
abstract  抽象的  A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.
absurd  荒謬的，荒唐的  The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd.
abuse  濫用  abuse one's authority(office) 
aaccelerate  加速，增速  accelerate one’s steps
access  接近（或進(jìn)入）的機(jī)會(huì)  have regular and immediate access to the President
accommodate  使適應(yīng)，使符合一致  accommodate oneself to changed circumstances
accompany  陪伴，伴隨  She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend.
accomplish  達(dá)到（目的），完成（任務(wù)），實(shí)現(xiàn)（計(jì)劃，諾言等）  accomplish one's purpose
accord  使符合，相一致(with)  His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words.
account   記述，敘述  give a brief account of what has happened
accumulate  積累，積攢，積聚  accumulate wisdom
accurate  準(zhǔn)確的，精確的  an accurate estimate
accuse  指控，指責(zé)  They accused her publicly of stealing their books.
accustom  使習(xí)慣于  accustom oneself to rising (to rise) early
acquaint  使認(rèn)識(shí)，使了解
activate  使活動(dòng)起來，使開始起作用，啟動(dòng)  They have planted secret agents in many countries who could be activated whenever needed.
acute  尖銳的，敏銳的  an acute thinker 
adapt  （使）適應(yīng)  adapt oneself to new conditions
address  演說  a television address 
adhere  黏附，附著  Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another.
adjacent  臨近的，毗鄰的(to)  a city and its adjacent suburbs
adjoin  貼近，與...毗鄰  His house adjoins the lake.
administrate  掌管，料理...的事務(wù)  In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by the wife.
adolescent  （尤指16歲以下的）青少年  a film aimed at adolescents
advance  使向前移動(dòng)  advance a chessman
advantage  有利條件，優(yōu)點(diǎn)  Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking another term.
adverse  不友好的，敵對(duì)的  She felt adverse to her husband's friends.
advocate  擁護(hù)，提倡，主張  advocate self-defence
aesthetic  美學(xué)的，藝術(shù)的，審美  an aesthetic theory
affliliate  使隸屬（或附屬）于，使成為會(huì)員  a government affiliated company
affirm  斷言，申明  affirm the truth of a statement
aggravate  加重，加劇，惡化  aggravate the declining economy
aggressive  侵犯的，侵略的  an aggressive weapon
agitate  攪動(dòng)（液體等）  The machine agitated the mixture.
alarm  驚恐，憂慮  The bandits scattered in alarm.
alert  警惕的，留神的  In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.
alien  外國(guó)的  adjust to an alien culture
allege  斷言，宣稱  The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt.
allocate  分配，分派，把...撥給  allocate funds for new projects
allied  結(jié)盟的，有關(guān)聯(lián)的  allied nations
allow  允給，準(zhǔn)許，允許  He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit.
allowance  津貼，補(bǔ)貼，零用錢  a housing allowance
alter  改變，更改  alter an attitude 
alternate  交替，輪流  Night and day alternate.
amateur  （藝術(shù)，科學(xué)等的）業(yè)余愛好者  an amateur golfer
amaze  使驚愕，使驚異  I am amazed that he should get the post.
ambiguous  含糊不清的，模棱兩可的  an ambiguous answer
ambition  （對(duì)名利等的）強(qiáng)烈欲望，野心  His political ambitions still burn.
amend  修改，修訂  amend the spelling in sb.'s paper
amuse  逗樂，逗笑，給...提供娛樂（或消遣）  The clown at the circus amused the children.
anchor  錨  The anchor catches (drags).
announce  宣布，聲稱  It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection.
annoy  使惱怒，使生氣  She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude.
annual  每年的，年度的  the annual output of steel
anonymous  匿名的，無名的  an anonymous letter (phone call)
answer  回答，響應(yīng)  Henry took ages to answer the door.
anticipate  預(yù)期，預(yù)料  The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall).
anxious  焦慮的，發(fā)愁的(about, at)  They become anxious at her delay.
apart  成零碎  Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.
apparent  顯然的，明明白白的  It was apparent that they all understood.
appeal  呼吁，懇求  I appealed to the children to make less noise.
applaud  鼓掌，喝彩，叫好  The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.
apply  涂，敷  He applied two coats of paint to the table.
appoint  任命，委派  They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster.
appraise  估量，估計(jì)  appraise the infant's weight
appreciate  感激  I appreciated your help much.
apprehend  對(duì)...擔(dān)心  Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?
approach  靠近，接近  John is approaching manhood.
appropriate  恰當(dāng)?shù)模�相稱的  Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.
approve  贊成，同意  I couldn't approve his conduct.
approximate  大概的，大約的，近似的  The approximate time is 10 o'clock.
apt  （習(xí)性）易于......的，有......傾向的  A careless person is apt to make mistakes.
arbitrary  隨心所欲的，個(gè)人武斷的，任意的  an arbitrary choice
arise  起立，起身  arise from one's seat
arouse  使......奮發(fā)  A man like Tom will be aroused.  Don’t worry.
array  排列，隊(duì)形  The troops were formed in battle array.
articulate  發(fā)音清晰的，善于表達(dá)的  He is articulate about everything in the field of economics.
artificial  人工的，人造的，人為的  artificial price controls
ascend  登高，（漸漸）上升，升高  The airplane ascended into the cloud.
ascertain 查明，弄清，確定  I ascertained that he was dead.
ashamed  慚愧的，羞恥的  I am ashamed for being so stupid.
ashore  向岸，向陸地  He swam ashore.
aside  在旁邊  We stood aside to let her pass.
assault  攻擊，襲擊  We made an assault on the enemy fort.
assemble  集合，召集  assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting.
assert  肯定地說（出），堅(jiān)定地?cái)嘌?nbsp; He asserted his innocence.
assess  估價(jià)，評(píng)價(jià)，評(píng)論  assess the present state of the economy
assign  分配，布置（作業(yè)）  The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson.
assimilate  吸收，消化  He is quick to assimilate new ideas.
associate  （使）聯(lián)系，（使）結(jié)合  We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.
assume  假定，假設(shè)  Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather si favarable.
assure 深信不疑地對(duì)......說，向......保證
assurance  保證，把握，信心  He gave me his assurance that he would help.
astonish  使驚訝  I was astonished at his sudden appearance.
attach  系，貼，連接  attach a label to a suitcase
attain  達(dá)到，獲得  attain one’s goal
attend  出席，參加（會(huì)議等）  attend a wedding
attendance  出席，參加，出席人數(shù)，出席率 Our class has perfect attendance today.
attentive  注意的，專心的  an attentive audience
attribute  把歸因于，把......（過錯(cuò)的責(zé)任等）歸于(to)  He attributed his success to hard work.
auxiliary  輔助的  an auxiliary rocket
avail  有利于，有助于  Will force alone avail us?
average  平均數(shù)，平均  The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.
avert  擋開，防止，避免  Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.
awake  醒，覺醒  awake from sleep
award  授予（獎(jiǎng)品等）  The university awarded him an honorary degree.
ban  （以官方明令）禁止，取締  He was banned from entering the city.
bang  （突發(fā)的）  sudden loud bang
bar  條，塊，桿，棒  a bar of gold
bare  赤裸的，光禿的，空無內(nèi)容的  walk in bare feet
beforehand  預(yù)先，事先  If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand.
behave  舉止端正，聽話　Do behave.
bewilder  使迷惑，使糊涂  I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.
bias  偏見，偏心  have a bias against sb.(或sth.)
blame  責(zé)備，責(zé)怪  Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.
blast  一陣（風(fēng)），一股（氣流）  a blast of wind
blaze  火焰  The fire sprang into a blaze.
blunt  鈍的  The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.
blush  （因害羞、激動(dòng)、窘困）臉紅  blush with(或for) joy
boast   自吹自擂，自夸的話  He is full of boasts.
bolt  螺栓，（門，窗的）插銷  a small bag of nuts and bolts
boom  低沉有回響的聲音  The great bell tolled with a deep boom.
border  邊界，邊境，邊沿  a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand
bore  鉆孔，挖（通道）  bore through a wall
bounce  彈起，反彈  The ball doesn’t bounce well.
bound  跳躍，彈回  She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.
boycott  （聯(lián)合起來）抑制，拒絕參加  boycott uncooperative manufactures
brace  托架，支架  He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.
breed  （使）繁殖  Rabbits breed families rapidly.
bribe  賄賂  accept(或take)a bribe from sb.
brief  短暫的，簡(jiǎn)短的，簡(jiǎn)潔的  a brief holiday
brisk  輕快的，生氣勃勃的  a brisk pace
brittle  易碎的，一碰就破的  brittle glass
brush  刷子，毛刷  a laundry brush
bump  碰，撞(against, into)  The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.
burst  爆炸，爆裂  The boiler burst.
calculate  計(jì)算，推算  calculate the distance between New York and Chicago
call  喊，叫  Please call the names of all the people who are present.
cancel  取消，廢除，刪去  cancel a trip
capture  俘虜，捕獲  capture butterflies
case  事例，事實(shí)，事情  This is a case of poor judgment.
cast  投，扔，拋，撒，擲  cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a scheme
casual  偶然的，無計(jì)劃的，隨便的，非正式的  a casual meeting
cease  停止，終止，結(jié)束  The music ceased suddenly.
certify  證明，證實(shí)  The accounts were certified (as) correct.
challenge  向...挑戰(zhàn)  Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match.
character  （事物的）性質(zhì)，特質(zhì)  The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and without character.
charge  要（價(jià)），收（費(fèi)）  The airlines charge half price for students.
charm  魅力，魔力  This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.
chase  追逐，追求  The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.
check  使突然停止，制止  check one’s steps
cherish  珍愛，珍視  cherish one’s native land
chew  嚼，咀嚼  He chewed a mouthful of meat.
choke  窒息，噎住  be choked by smoke
chorus  合唱隊(duì)
chronic  （疾�。┞�性的，（人）久病的  chronic indigestion
clarity  澄清，闡明  clarify an issue
cling  粘著  The frightened child clung to her mother.
clumsy  笨拙的  a clumsy boy
cluster  （果實(shí)，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，組  a cluster of tourists
clutch  緊抓，緊握  clutch at an opportunity
coherent  一致的，協(xié)調(diào)的  lack coherent political goals
coin  硬幣，錢幣，金屬貨幣  a silver coin
coincide  相符，相一致  100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.
collaborate  （尤指在文藝、科學(xué)等方面）合作，協(xié)作  He and I collaborated in writing plays.
collapse  倒坍，崩潰，瓦解  The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.
collide  碰撞，互撞  The car collided with the truck.
come  來，來到  Will you come to the dance tonight?
commemorate  紀(jì)念，慶祝  commemorate a holiday
commend  表揚(yáng)，稱贊  commend a soldier for bravery
compact  緊密的，堅(jiān)實(shí)的  a compact piece of luggage
compare  比較，對(duì)照(with, to)   compare the body to a finely tuned machine
compatible  能和睦相處的，合的來的  You should choose a roommate more compatible to your tastes.
compile  匯編，編制  compile an anthology of poems
comply  遵從，順從，服從  comply with rules(safety regulations)
compose  組成，構(gòu)成  England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.
compress  壓縮  He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentences
comprise  包含，包括  The shipyard comprises three docks.
compromise  妥協(xié)，折衷  compromise over the hard-fought next.
compulsory  必須做的，義務(wù)的  a compulsory subject
conceal  隱藏，隱瞞，隱蔽  He concealed his disappointment from his friends.
conceive  構(gòu)想出，設(shè)想  conceive an idea
concentrate  集中，專心  concentrate one’s attention
condemn  譴責(zé)  We all condemn cruelty to children.
condense  （使）壓縮，（使）凝結(jié)，使簡(jiǎn)潔  condense a speech to half
confer  商談，商議  confer with sb. Over (on, about, concerning) sth.
confess  坦白，供認(rèn)，承認(rèn)，懺悔  confess one’s crime
confidence  信任  break sb.’s confidence
confine  限制，使局限  They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.
confirm  證實(shí)，肯定  confirm a rumour
conflict  （尤指長(zhǎng)期的）戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，戰(zhàn)斗  The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years.
conform  遵照，適應(yīng)  confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)
confront  （使）面臨，（使）遭遇  The war confronted him with hardships.
confuse  使混亂，混淆  He confused the arrangements by arriving late.
connect  連接，連接  The bridge connects the island with(或to) the mainland.
conscious  意識(shí)到的，自覺地  They were conscious that he disapproved.
consent  同意，贊同，準(zhǔn)許  The people will never consent to another war.
conserve  保護(hù)，保藏，保存  conserve natural resources
consider  考慮，細(xì)想  Consider carefully before doing anything.
consist  組成，構(gòu)成(of)  The house consists of six rooms.
consolidate  鞏固，加強(qiáng)  consolidate one’s position
conspicuous  顯眼的，明顯的，引人矚目的  He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on a stage.
constant  經(jīng)常的，不斷的  a constant noise
constitute  組成，構(gòu)成  constitute a threat to sb.
consult  請(qǐng)教，與......商量  consult a doctor about one’s illness
consume 消費(fèi),花費(fèi): consume much of one’s time in reading
contact  接觸,聯(lián)系,交往: be in contact with sb
contain 包括,容納, a list containing twelve items
contaminate弄臟,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the air
contempt輕視,輕蔑:show a contempt for sb
contest競(jìng)賽,比賽,競(jìng)爭(zhēng):the contest between the two powers for the control of the region
contract合同,契約:enter into(make)a contact with
contradict反駁,同….相矛盾,同….相抵觸:The facts contradict his theory
contrary相反的,對(duì)抗的:take the contrary view
contrast對(duì)照,對(duì)比,(對(duì)比之下顯出的)差異:the contrast between the two forms of government
contribute捐(款等),捐獻(xiàn):He contributed 5dollars to the charity every payday
contrive設(shè)計(jì),想出:contrive a new method
controversy(尤之以文字形式進(jìn)行的爭(zhēng)論),辨證:a point of controversy
convention(正式)會(huì)議,(定期)大會(huì):draft a new constitution at a convention
convert轉(zhuǎn)變,轉(zhuǎn)化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gas
convey運(yùn)送,輸送,傳送:a wire conveys an electric current
convict(經(jīng)審訊)證明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smuggling
coordinate調(diào)節(jié),協(xié)調(diào):coordinate the functions of government agencies
cordial熱情友好的,熱誠的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)
correspond相符合相稱(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation
correspondent通信者,通訊員,記者:a good(bad)correspondent
corresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprints
corrode(漸漸)損害,(一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地)損傷:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist between buyer and seller
corrupt墮落的,腐敗的,貪贓舞弊的:lead a corrupt life
count數(shù),計(jì)算: count the money
course課程,科目:an English course
courtesy 謙恭有禮。有禮的舉止（或）言辭：come in without courtesy
credit信任，可信性：I have full credit in your ability to do the job。
crucial 決定性的，關(guān)鍵性的：a crucial decision
cue 提示，暗號(hào)，信號(hào)：throw cues to sb
cultivate耕作，栽培，養(yǎng)殖：cultivate vegetables
cure 治愈，醫(yī)治：this medicine cured him of his pains。
cut 切，割，剪，砍，削; The Mayor cut the ribbon to open a trade exhibition.

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