一．1999年真題解說
Directions:
A. Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay in at least 150 words.
B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ.
C. Your essay should cover these three points:
1盓ffect of the country餾 growing human population on its wildlife
2盤ossible reason for the effect
3盰our suggestions for wildlife protection
1999年考研英語寫作是繼1997之后再次考查了圖表作文，當(dāng)然也是至今為止最后一次考圖表作文，1999年之后的題型均為圖畫作文。圖表作文一般分為兩大類型考查。一種類型叫粗線條表述，這類題型沒有要求對(duì)圖表進(jìn)行描述，所以就不需要引用數(shù)據(jù)論證，只要說出圖表的變化就可以了。另外一種叫做細(xì)線條作文，或詳細(xì)描述作文。題目要求對(duì)圖表進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的描述或利用圖表闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)，這樣的題型就應(yīng)該把圖表的細(xì)節(jié)一一表述出來。
本題中給出了兩個(gè)圖表，分別代表美國人口的增長和物種滅絕。考生仔細(xì)觀察以上兩幅圖表中有關(guān)1800年至1900年的情況會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)均成上升趨勢，由此我們基本上可以得出人口增長在很大程度上導(dǎo)致了物種滅絕的結(jié)論。另外本文中已經(jīng)提供了提綱，考生應(yīng)該先仔細(xì)閱讀提綱要求，再結(jié)合圖表寫出段落主題句，進(jìn)而擴(kuò)張成文。提綱中要求我們寫三點(diǎn)：第一點(diǎn)是寫人口增長對(duì)野生動(dòng)植物的影響。第二點(diǎn)寫這種影響可能產(chǎn)生的原因。第三點(diǎn)要求提出自己對(duì)野生動(dòng)植物保護(hù)的建議。由于提綱中沒有要求對(duì)圖表進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的描述，所以可以在第一段簡單描述數(shù)據(jù)，而后得出結(jié)論。接下來的兩段再對(duì)產(chǎn)生的原因和解決方法進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的闡述。終點(diǎn)應(yīng)該放在第二、三段。
二．經(jīng)典范文賞析
The ups and downs of population growth
As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that with the rapid growth of U.S. population from 1800 to 1900, the number of its wildlife species no longer soared during the same period. We can easily draw a conclusion that the sharp decline of wildlife species resulted from the population growth. As human population increases, the species of wildlife decline, and some are even on the brink of extinction.
We may cite a variety of reasons for this situation. But the most contributing one is human being餾 weak sense of wildlife protection which leads to the decrease of wildlife as a result of cases of illegal hunting and killing of wildlife for profits. Besides, the destruction of ecological environment also plays a pushing role. Less and less forest and pasture coverage with more and more pollution and soil erosion due to population problem make it even more difficult for the wildlife to survive. Hence, unfortunately but naturally a soaring number of human population comes in tandem with a descending variety of wildlife.
Ecological environment construction and protection is a pressing and long-term task. To tackle the problem calls for, above all, the government餾 efforts to control population growth, to decrease pollution and to enhance the laws to forbid wildlife hunting. Moreover, common citizens should take practical actions to protect wild animals as well as our living environment.
譯文
人口增長的沉浮
從以上兩幅圖表中我們可以清楚的看到1800年到1900年間美國人口急劇增長，但同期野生動(dòng)植物滅絕的數(shù)量也隨之急劇增長。從中我們很容易的得出人口增長在很大程度上導(dǎo)致物種的滅絕。隨著人口的增多，野生動(dòng)植物越來越少，有的甚至瀕臨滅絕。
我們可以找到很多理由來解釋這一現(xiàn)象。但最重要的就是人們的保護(hù)意識(shí)淡漠，為了獲利瘋狂獵殺野生動(dòng)植物的行為導(dǎo)致了物種的滅絕。另外，生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞也起了很大的作用。森林和草場的覆蓋率越來越低，另一方面由于人口增長導(dǎo)致的污染和土地腐化卻越來越嚴(yán)重，在這樣的條件野生動(dòng)植物很難生存。因此不幸的事情發(fā)生了，野生動(dòng)植物的數(shù)量隨人口的增長越來越少。
生態(tài)環(huán)境的維護(hù)是一個(gè)緊迫而又長期的任務(wù)。要解決這個(gè)問題，首先，政府要控制人口增長，減少污染，制定法律禁止獵殺野生動(dòng)植物。此外，普通公民應(yīng)該采取實(shí)際行動(dòng)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)植物和我們的生存環(huán)境。
黃金句型
As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that...
從以上兩幅圖表中我們可以清楚的看到……
We can easily draw a conclusion that...
從中我們很容易的得出……
We may cite a variety of reasons for this situation. But the most contributing one is..., besides...
我們可以找到很多理由來解釋這一現(xiàn)象。但最重要的就是……，另外……
... is a pressing and long-term task.
……是一個(gè)緊迫而又長期的任務(wù)。
To tackle the problem calls for, above all,... Moreover,
解決這個(gè)問題首先需要……，此外……
相關(guān)鏈接：08考研英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)關(guān)鍵：吃透真題和模擬題
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