新東方大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試沖刺班內(nèi)部筆記(寫作)

　　句型變化

　　A. (1) We can imagine the beautiful surroundings. (2) There are many trees along the streets. (3) There is a clean river in the city. (4) There are many fishes in the river. (5) There are willow trees on the one side. (6) There are some pieces of grassland on the other side. (7) There are many flowers on them.

　　B. (1) Just imagine the beautiful surroundings if we have made our cities greener. (2) Green trees line the streets. (3) A clean river winds through the city, in which a lot of fishes abound. (4) On the one side stand rows of willow trees. (5) On the other side lies a stretch of grassland sprinkled with many yellow and red flowers.

　　1. There be...

　　1) a. There are fewer and fewer citizens who like to see films.

　　b. Films are now losing their appeal for many citizens.

　　2) a. There are many people who complain of severe housing shortages.

　　b. Housing shortages become the source of great complaint.

　　2. If

　　1) a. If you compare the two methods carefully, you will find the difference.

　　b. Careful comparison of the two methods will show you the difference.

　　2) a. If we only apply book knowledge, we will not get good result.

　　b. The application of book knowledge alone will not bring you good result.

　　3) a. If there is no pollution, man can certainly survive.

　　b. Man can certainly survive in the world where there is no pollution.

　　3. In order to

　　1) a. In order to prevent the problem becoming too serious to solve, we must take an immediate step.

　　b. An immediate step must be taken before the problem becomes too serious to solve.

　　2) a. In order to build a stable and prosperous nation, people should make new efforts.

　　b. New efforts will bring ...

　　4. More and more

　　1) a. More and more people now prefer to stay at home and watch TV.

　　b. People in ever increasing numbers prefer to stay at home and watch TV.

　　2) a. More and more people who become more and more rich can afford a motorcycle.

　　b. The growing number of people who become increasingly rich can now afford a motorcycle.

　　3) a. More and more teenagers smoke cigarettes in recent years.

　　b. Teenage smoking is on the rise/ increase/ decrease/ decline in recent years.

　　4) a. More and more teachers are needed with the development of economy.

　　b. There is an increasing demand for teachers with the development of economy.

　　5) a. More and more trees have disappeared in the city.

　　b. There is a sharp decline in the number of trees in the city.

　　社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話題

　　寫作練習(xí)：Jobs for Graduates

　　1) 大學(xué)生難找工作

　　2) 原因很多

　　3) 解決的辦法

　　With the fantastic development of modern society, people in ever increasing numbers have access to tertiary education (高等教育). As a result, job-hunting is now becoming headache for most graduates.

　　范文23：Nowadays, college graduates come to realize that it is not easy to get a rewarding job. Most/ Many of them can not get a job right after graduation.

　　The job market for college students/ graduates is getting tighter and tighter. According to a survey, only 80% of college graduates of the class of 2002 found jobs the year they graduated, compared with 95% in 2000. Why do college graduates find it increasingly difficult to get jobs?

　　第二段細(xì)節(jié)論證

　　分析原因：

　　1、Among the most convincing/ important reasons given/ cited/ offered/ identified by people for this problem/ phenomenon, one should be stressed/ emphasized/ mentioned...

　　2、One may regard/ see/ view/ think of the trend/ increase/ phenomenon as a sign of/ result of/ response to/ reaction to ...

　　3、The increase/ change/ failure/ success in ... mainly/ largely/ partly results from/ arises from is due to/ owing to/ attributable to the fact that/ several factors ...

　　Several years ago, many students were enrolled in/ admitted to/ taken in/ matriculated popular major, so that the supply is superior to/ outweigh/ exceeds the demand. Many graduates are reluctant to work in the remote areas/ western provinces/ developing areas/ less developed country. Graduates without working experiences are now losing their appeal for many international cooperations, such as ...

　　國家制定法律法規(guī)

　　個(gè)人接受教育

　　III、圖表題(table, bar graph, pie chart, line graph)

　　圖表題的寫作邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　Paragraph I:(1)概括描述圖表：趨勢(shì)描寫;

　　(2)具體描述圖表：必要數(shù)據(jù)支持(細(xì)節(jié)性)。

　　Paragraph II:(1)提出自己理由和觀點(diǎn)(本段主題句);

　　(2)細(xì)節(jié)性分論點(diǎn)(主要是原因，用于支持自己的觀點(diǎn)，至少兩點(diǎn))。

　　Paragraph III:(1)預(yù)測(cè)未來和提出解決方法;

　　(2)總結(jié)全文和表達(dá)作者自己觀點(diǎn)

　　【標(biāo)題】Changes in People’s Diet

　　Directions: Write a three-paragraph composition to:

　　1. State the changes in people’s diet in the past five years.

　　2. Give possible reasons for the changes.

　　3. Draw your own conclusion.

　　You should quote as few figures as possible.

　　【短文】Changes in People’s Diet

　　In the past five years there have been many changes in people’s diet. Grain, as the main food of most Chinese, is now playing a less important role, while the proportion of some high-energy foods, such as milk and meat, has increased.

　　What has caused these changes? I think there are two reasons. First, people now have more money. The price of meat and milk is much higher than that of grain, so in the old days people couldn’t afford them. Now they have enough money to buy both meat and milk. Second, people nowadays pay more attention to the elements of their diet. They look for a well-balanced diet that will be good for their health.

　　In short, there have been changes in people’s diet in the past five years because of financial and health reasons, and there will be further changes in the future

　　【修改版】

　　As can be seen from the table, the past five years has witnessed dramatic changes in people’s diet. Grain, as the staple food of most Chinese, is now playing a less important role in their diet, while the consumption of high quality food such as meat, milk and fruit has greatly increased.

　　There are two factors leading to the change. For one thing, people now enjoy a higher standard of living. In the old days few families could afford meat and milk every day, which often meant a big chunk of the family income. But now people have enough money to taste a rich verity of foods. For another, people of today attach more attention to nutrition. They are not merely content to fill the stomach. They are seeking the most reasonable diet which will do good to their health.

　　In a word, with people’s standard of living getting higher and higher, changes in their diet will be more obvious and greater.

　　圖表題的適用句型：

　　1. As we can see from the chart/ graph/ table/ diagram, ...
　　2. The chart/ graph shows/ displays that ...
　　3. As can be shown in the table ...,
　　4. The figures/ statistics in the chart reflect/ show/ reveal that ...,
　　5. It is clear/ apparent from the chart/ table that ...

　　V、諺語格言題邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)

　　Paragraph I：(1)點(diǎn)明要闡釋的諺語或名言( general );

　　(2)用自己的話解釋這一諺語或名言的意思，有時(shí)有正反兩面的邏(specific )。

　　Paragraph II：(1)作者對(duì)該諺語或名言的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度，即文章的論點(diǎn)句;

　　(2)支持性的細(xì)節(jié)分論點(diǎn)，舉例子論證(至少兩點(diǎn)，有時(shí)有正反兩面的邏輯);

　　Paragraph III：總結(jié)全文，定下結(jié)論(通常為闡明其現(xiàn)實(shí)或更深遠(yuǎn)意義)。

　　Practice Makes Perfect

　　Practice is the key to success in all fields of activity. It is practice alone which enables us to build up speed and efficiency. When we accomplish something perfectly without wasting effort, this is the result of long practice.

　　【改寫為】An English proverb says/ One of the greatest men once remarked/ Nearly every civilization has its own equivalent to the proverb: "Practice makes perfect". It means that/ In other words, it is practice alone which enables us to build up speed and efficiency. When we accomplish something without wasting effort, this is the result of long practice.

　　Practice Makes Perfect(續(xù))

　　Take the study of English for example. Only practice can enable us to spell words correctly and master the rules of grammar. And it is only through practice that we can become fluent in speaking and writing, there is no other way. Another good example is sports. Practice is the only way to become stronger and run faster. Besides, in team games practice is what improves our sense of cooperation and helps the team to win.

　　【改寫為】History/ Our society abounds with the examples of "Practice makes perfect". ......(正反兩方面都舉例子) On the other hand/ On the contrary, no practice will only lead us to failure. There is hardly/ scarcely a man who can achieve success without practice. All evidence points to/ justifies/ lends supports to the fact that practice is the key to success in all fields of activity.

　　舉例一般為：英語學(xué)習(xí);體育鍛煉

　　To sum up, there can be no achievement which is not based on a solid foundation of practice.

　　【改寫為】For us college students, the saying/ proverb has a profound and realistic significance: there can be no achievement which is not based on a solid foundation of practice

　　課后復(fù)習(xí)(self-study Program)

　　1、課堂講解內(nèi)容：體會(huì)用詞藝術(shù)和豐富的句式
　　2、寫作練習(xí)：2002年6月真題(Student Use of Computers)
　　3、記憶寫作萬能理由和基本表達(dá)
　　4、完型填空練習(xí)：完成Passage 1--Passage 3

　　做題步驟：

　　(1)通讀全文，了解文章大意;
　　(2)初選答案(排除法、優(yōu)選法);
　　(3)尋找線索;
　　(4)回頭補(bǔ)缺;
　　(5)核實(shí)答案。

　　圖表題：2002年6月考題

　　Topic: Student Use of Computers (at least 150 words)

　　1、 上圖所示為1990、1995、2000年某校大學(xué)生使用計(jì)算機(jī)的情況，請(qǐng)描述其變化;

　　2、請(qǐng)說明發(fā)生這些變化的原因(可從計(jì)算機(jī)的用途、價(jià)格或社會(huì)發(fā)展等方面加以說明);

　　3、你認(rèn)為目前大學(xué)生在計(jì)算機(jī)使用中有什么困難或問題。

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