21. [C] for
解析:In the United States, older people rarely live with their adult children. But in many other cultures children are expected to care for their aged parents. 在美國,老年人很少和他們成年的子女居住在一起。但是在很多其他文化中,子女有責任贍養(yǎng)年老的父母。Care for有兩個意思。
(1)喜歡。例如:
I don't care for tea.
我不喜歡喝茶。
(2)(本文所用的意思)照顧;照料;撫養(yǎng)
He's good at caring for sick animals.
他精心照料生病的牲畜。
22. [A] reside
解析:In some parts of Italy, the percentage of adult children who reside with their parents reaches 65 to 70 percent. 在意大利的一些地區(qū),和父母住在一起的成年子女比例達到了百分之六十五到七十。
reside住,居住。同根詞有residence (居民) residency (居住,住處) residential (住宅的,居住的)
[B] recite
(1)背誦。例如:
recite a poem
背誦一首詩
(2)細述;列舉。例如:
recite his complaints
詳說他的抱怨
[C] redeem vt. 贖回, 挽回, 恢復, 補償, 兌換
[D] rebel (1)造反;反叛;起義 (2)強烈反對
The students rebelled against their government.
學生們起來反抗他們的政府。
23. [D] reaches
解析:“到達”用reach。
如果用amount,后面必須加to。例如:
(與to連用) 等于;總計;合計;總計達
Their traveling expenses amount to seven hundred dollars.
他們的旅費共達700 美元。
Your words amount to a refusal.
你的話等于回絕了。
[A] amass vt. 收集, 積聚(尤指財富)
[C] attain vt. (經(jīng)過努力)達到, 獲得
24. [B] alone
解析:In Thailand, too, children are expected to care for their elderly parents; few Thai elderly live alone.
在泰國也是這樣,子女有責任照料年老的父母,泰國很少有老年人獨居。
四個選項中,只有Alone,為副詞,作狀語,修飾動詞live。其他三項,[A] lone [C] lonesome [D] lonely都是形容詞。
25. [B] across
解析:What explains these differences in living arrangements across cultures?如何解釋不同文化中居住方式的差異呢?
“不同文化間”的介詞應該用across。
26. [B] linked
解析:Modernization theory linked the extended family household to low levels of economic development. “現(xiàn)代化理論”將大家族住在一起的居住方式和經(jīng)濟的落后聯(lián)系在一起。
link常與together, to, with連用,表示“連接;將……與……相連”。例如:
The two towns are linked by a railway.
這兩個城鎮(zhèn)由一條鐵路連接起來。
因為句子后面用的是to,因此唯一合適的只有l(wèi)ink。
Associate一般和with連用。
27. [D] behind
解析:But with modernization, children move to urban areas, leaving old people behind in isolated rural areas.隨著現(xiàn)代化的進程,孩子們都遷移到城市,將老年人留在了環(huán)境比較隔絕的農(nóng)村。
Leave…behind: 將……留在身后
28. [A] isolated
解析:isolate: 使孤立;使隔離。例如:
The farm is isolated; the nearest house is 30 kilometers away.
這個農(nóng)場與世隔絕,離它最近的住家在30公里以外。
[B] segregated 隔離的,一般僅用于“種族隔離”。
[C] idealized 理想的。
[D] secluded退隱的,隱居的;側重“有意使自己與他人隔離”的意思。
29. [A] maintain
解析:Yet modernization theory cannot explain why extended family households were never common in the United States or England, or why families in Italy, which is fully modernized, maintain a strong tradition of intergenerational living.但是“現(xiàn)代化理論”卻無法解釋,為什么幾代同堂的居住方式從來沒有在美國和英國普遍存在,還有,已經(jīng)完全現(xiàn)代化的意大利,仍然保留著幾代人住在一起的傳統(tǒng)。
因為需要填入的動詞賓語是tradition,并且根據(jù)上下文的意思,該詞的意思應該是“保留”。不該選promote,因為promote意為“推崇,提倡”,給人感覺是,這個傳統(tǒng)以前在意大利不曾有過,而這是不符合事實的。Reserve意為“(為某種特別的目的而)儲備,預備”,也不如maintain更恰當。
30. [D] preferred
解析:Clearly, economic development alone cannot explain preferred living arrangements. 顯然,僅僅經(jīng)濟發(fā)展程度本身是無法解釋人們的居住習慣的。
Preferred 此處作定語,perfer意為“更喜歡;寧愿”。
[A] appoint vt. 約定, 指定(時間,地點), 任命, 委任
[B] assign vt. 分配, 指派
[C]preserve vt. 保護, 保持, 保存, 保藏
31. [C] predominates
解析:predominate意為“(與over連用)統(tǒng)治;支配 ;占優(yōu)勢;居支配地位”。
[A] control vt. 控制, 支配, 管理(物價等), 操縱, 抑制。Control為及物動詞,后面一般跟賓語。
[B] overtake vt. 趕上, 追上
[D] overwhelm vt. 淹沒;覆蓋;制服;控制;壓倒;壓服;擊敗
32. [B] under
解析:“在這樣的制度中”:under such systems。
33. [D] inherits
解析:Under this system, parents live with a married child, usually the oldest son, who then inherits their property when they die.在這樣的制度下,父母和已婚子女之一居住在一起,一般是他們的長子,等他們過世的時候,長子繼承他們的財產(chǎn)。
四個選項中只有inherit有“繼承”的意思。
34. [A] as well as
解析:The stem family system was once common in Japan, but changes in inheritance laws, as well as broader social changes brought about by industrialization and urbanization, have undermined the tradition.
這種“繼承”式的家庭模式一度在日本十分普遍。但是工業(yè)化和城市化帶來的繼承法的修改,以及社會各個層面的變革,都削弱了這一傳統(tǒng)。 As well as: “以及”。在此處相當于coupled with。如果放在句尾,則用as well。
[B] might as well: 不妨。例如:
Since my husband won’t be home for another hour, I might as well do the laundry while waiting for him.
既然我老公一小時后才回家,我不妨一邊等他,一邊把衣服洗了。
35. [D] about
解析:bring about:帶來(to cause to happen)。例如:
Science has brought about many changes in our lives.
科學給我們的生活帶來了很多變化。
The increase in business activity was brought about by the fall in oil price.
油價的下跌帶來了生意的興旺。
[A] bring…off 成功地做。例如:
to bring off a big business deal做成了一筆生意
[B] bring up(1)教育;養(yǎng)育 (例如衍生出的名詞upbringing為“教養(yǎng)”之意)
(2)提出;引出。例如:
Why did you bring that up?
你干嗎提那件事呢?
[C] bring…(a)round: 說服某人。
I’m sure we’ll be able to bring him around to our point of view.
我肯定我們能說服他接受我們的觀點。
36. [A] undermined
解析:“削弱”,選undermine最合適。
[B] decrease v. 減少;變少;降低
[C] diminish v. (使)減少, (使)變小
37. [D] tradition
解析:文化方面的“傳統(tǒng)”一般用tradition。
38. [A] by
解析:In 1960 about 80 percent of Japanese over 65 lived with their children; by 1990 only 60 percent did—a figure that is still high by U. S. standards, but which has been declining steadily.
在1960年,六十五歲以上的日本人,大約有百分之八十和他們的父母一起生活。到1990年,只有百分之六十了。按照美國的標準,這個數(shù)字仍然很大,但是它已經(jīng)在穩(wěn)步下降。
和……的標準相比較:by…standards
39. [C] declining
解析:decline下降;下滑;下傾。
[A] incline vt. 使傾向于, 使傾斜; vi. 傾向, 傾斜
[B] recline v. 靠;躺;倚
[D] reduce vt. 減少, 縮小,一般后面加賓語。
40. [D] eroding
解析:erode:vt. 侵蝕, 腐蝕, 使變化
vi. 受腐蝕, 逐漸消蝕掉
[A] recede v. 后退
[B] remove (1)(常與from連用)拿走;撤走,除去
to remove your hat
脫掉你的帽子
to remove a child from a class
把一個孩子從班上帶走 (2)(與from連用)撤職,免職
[C] invade (1)侵略;侵占
The army invaded the town.
軍隊侵入了這個城市。
(2)涌入
a city invaded by tourists
擠滿游客的城市
(3)侵犯;侵擾
to invade another person's rights
侵害他人的權益
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