名師丁雪明：2010年考研基礎(chǔ)詞匯備考札記

　　世界上頂尖級(jí)的建筑師杰作體現(xiàn)的載體是我們看得見(jiàn)，摸得著的一磚一瓦;同樣，我們備考考研英語(yǔ)則要掌握必要的詞匯！100分的考研英語(yǔ)試卷對(duì)我們的詞匯要求是很高的，所以我們?cè)谶@個(gè)冬季去一起感知其基礎(chǔ)詞匯的魅力！

　　一、閱讀中常見(jiàn)的基礎(chǔ)詞匯

　　工作生活類(lèi)文章

　　Passage 1

　　工作生活類(lèi)議論文。主要闡述了注重細(xì)節(jié)、做好小事，對(duì)最后的成功的重要性。

　　Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves,” he says。

　　“Resumes (簡(jiǎn)歷) arrive with stains. Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate, “Crossley concludes。” If they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job?”

　　Can we pay too much attention to details? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees,” says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, “we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we are working on fit into the larger picture. If they don’t, we should drop them and move to something else�！�

　　Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time,” says Garfield. “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary�！� Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every take we undertake。

　　Too often we believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky break (機(jī)遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow。

　　核心詞匯

　　1.       candidate n. 候選人

　　【搭配】 a candidate for ……的候選人

　　2.       eliminate v. 消滅，去除

　　【巧記】 eliminator n. 排除者

　　【搭配】 eliminate…from…把……從……中排除出

　　3.       strain n. 壓力

　　4.       struggle vi. 掙扎，努力，奮斗n. 掙扎，戰(zhàn)斗，斗爭(zhēng)

　　【搭配】 struggle against (with) 和……斗爭(zhēng)‖struggle for 為……而斗爭(zhēng)

　　5.       compare v. 比較

　　【巧記】 comparison n. 比較，對(duì)照

　　【搭配】 beyond comparison 無(wú)比的‖by comparison 比較起來(lái)

　　6.       process n. 過(guò)程

　　【搭配】 in process 在進(jìn)行中‖in (the) process of 在……過(guò)程中

　　7.       coordinate a. 同等的，并列的v. (使)成為同等，使協(xié)調(diào)

　　8.       adjustment n. 調(diào)節(jié)

　　【搭配】 adjust to 使調(diào)整

　　9.       secret n. 秘密

　　【搭配】 in secret 秘密地

　　10.    reward n. 回報(bào)

　　【巧記】 rewarding a. 報(bào)答的，有得益的‖rewardless a. 徒弟的

　　核心詞組

　　take care of 照顧               pay attention to 對(duì)……給予注意

　　at the cost of 以……為代價(jià)      keep form doing sth. 遠(yuǎn)離……，不做……

　　make adjustment (s) 作調(diào)整      account for 說(shuō)明，解釋

　　(總字?jǐn)?shù)：288；單詞：255；中文：33)

　　Passage 2

　　工作生活類(lèi)議論文。主題是成為一個(gè)真正的作家的艱辛與不易。

　　Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s big difference between “being a writer” and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer�！�

　　The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U. S. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer (自由撰稿者)， I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer。

　　After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering. What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test-even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the Shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there。