介詞是一種表示名詞和句中其他詞之間關(guān)系的詞,它不能單獨作句子成分,后接名詞、代詞等作其賓語。
一、介詞搭配
介詞常與名詞、動詞、形容詞等搭配。
(一)與名詞搭配
如:
in deficit (赤字,逆差)
approach to (……的方法)
in the wake of (緊緊跟隨,隨著……而來)
from scratch (從零開始)
例句: China also signed a longterm trade agreement with the EEC in 1978 while trade with the USA has increased rapidly in the wake of the normalization of diplomatic relations at the beginning of 1979.
分析: 該句是并列句。
譯文: 1978年中國還與歐洲經(jīng)濟共同體簽署了長期貿(mào)易協(xié)議;隨著1979年初與美國外交關(guān)系正;牡絹,中國與美國的貿(mào)易也迅速增長。
(二)與動詞搭配
如:
move along (沿著)
bustle about (匆忙)
buoy up (上升)
rein in (抑制)
pass down (使流傳)
例句: The decline was partly caused by Indias reining in of its budget deficit and the shortterm effects of the implementation of strong emergency stabilization measures.
分析: 該句是簡單句。
譯文: 衰退的部分原因是印度抑制其預(yù)算赤字及推行強有力的緊急穩(wěn)定措施的短期效果。
例句: Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a fathers line or mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down only from mothers. (選自2009年Text 2)
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句,句子主干是most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either...or...引導(dǎo)的并列短語作a single lineage的同位語,which is passed down only from mothers是一個修飾mitochondrial DNA的非限制性定語從句。
譯文: 然而,許多血統(tǒng)檢測僅僅考慮一個單一的血統(tǒng),要么是遺傳來自父親家庭里的Y染色體,要么是僅從母親那里遺傳下來的線粒體DNA。
(三)與形容詞搭配
如:
amenable to (對……負責(zé))
conducive to (對……有益)
awkward for (對……不便,對……不合適)
例句: Korea traditionally has made things awkward for foreigners in terms of its financial systems, its real estate laws and so forth.
分析: 該句是簡單句。
譯文: 韓國傳統(tǒng)上一直在金融體制、不動產(chǎn)法等方面讓外國人感到極不方便。
二、介詞分類
(一)簡單介詞
介詞由一個單詞構(gòu)成,常見的有:
aboutaboveacross
afteragainstalong
among(a)roundas
atbeforebehind
belowbeneathbeside(s)
betweenbeyond but
byconsidering(考慮到) concerning(關(guān)于)
despite(盡管,任憑) downduring
except for from
in insideinto
including likenear
of offon
opposite outsideover
past regarding(關(guān)于)since
through tillthroughout
to toward(s)under
upwithwithin
without
例句: Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response: causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. (選自2008年Text 1)
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句,主干部分為studies...have shown that...。分詞causing...作狀語表示伴隨,其邏輯主語是sex hormones。
譯文: 對人和動物的研究已經(jīng)表明性激素荷爾蒙以某種方式會影響對壓力的反應(yīng);結(jié)果造 成在同等條件下,婦女處于壓力下會比男人產(chǎn)生更多的誘發(fā)性的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。
例句: Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. (選自2011年Text 4)
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句。that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present是一個定語從句,修飾image of parenthood,介詞短語like Us Weekly and People作后置定語,修飾celebrity magazines。
譯文: 當然,《我們周刊》、《人物》等名人雜志中呈現(xiàn)出來的父母形象非常不切實際,尤其當母親是布洛克這樣的單親媽媽時更是如此。
編輯推薦:
· | 2022考研復(fù)試聯(lián)系導(dǎo)師有哪些注意事 | 04-28 |
· | 2022考研復(fù)試面試常見問題 | 04-28 |
· | 2022年考研復(fù)試面試回答提問方法有 | 04-28 |
· | 2022考研復(fù)試怎么緩解緩解焦慮心態(tài) | 04-27 |
· | 2022年考研復(fù)試的訣竅介紹 | 04-27 |
· | 2022年考研復(fù)試英語如何準備 | 04-26 |
· | 2022年考研復(fù)試英語口語常見句式 | 04-26 |
· | 2022年考研復(fù)試的四個細節(jié) | 04-26 |
· | 2022考研復(fù)試準備:與導(dǎo)師及時交流 | 04-26 |
· | 2022考研復(fù)試面試的綜合技巧 | 04-26 |