(二)成語介詞
成語介詞由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的單詞構(gòu)成。
如:
according toahead ofalong with
apart fromas foras to
because ofdue toexcept for
in view ofirrespective of(無論)out of
previous toprior tothanks to
together withup toby means of
by way offor the sake ofin the event of
in front ofinstead ofon the point of
on account ofowing towith a view to(為了)
with regard toas well asin addition to
other thanapart from
例句: He must store a large quantity of grain instead of consuming all his grain immediately. (選自2000年Cloze Test)
分析: 該句是簡(jiǎn)單句。
譯文: 他必須儲(chǔ)存大量的糧食,而不是馬上將其全部消耗掉。
例句: Corporations and labor unions have conferred great benefits upon their employees and members as well as upon the general public. (1999年第37題)
分析: 該句是簡(jiǎn)單句。
譯文: 公司和工會(huì)為公司員工、工會(huì)成員和廣大公眾都帶來了極大的利益。
三、介詞短語的用法
介詞在句中不能獨(dú)立使用,它后面必須接一個(gè)賓語構(gòu)成介賓短語,又稱介詞詞組,在句中可作定語、表語、狀語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。
(一)定語(后置修飾語)
例句: Chinas powerful Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade will be monitoring trade signals from the new Clinton Administration.
分析: 該句是簡(jiǎn)單句。
譯文: 強(qiáng)大的中國(guó)對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系與貿(mào)易部將密切注視克林頓新政府的貿(mào)易動(dòng)向。
例句: At times, more care goes into the composition of newspaper and magazine advertisements than into the writing of features and editorials.
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句,在than后面省略了more care goes。
譯文: 有時(shí),報(bào)紙雜志的廣告創(chuàng)作比特寫和社論寫作更費(fèi)心。
(二)表語(用于系動(dòng)詞be, look, remain后)
例句: Many of the actors and actresses are on location now.
譯文: 許多男女演員現(xiàn)在正在拍外景。
例句: In speaking, the choice of words is of the utmost importance.
譯文: 說話時(shí),選詞是最重要的。
(三)狀語(修飾謂語動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子,可置于句首、句中、句末)
例句: In the long run, however, this hurry to shed fulltime staff may be as harmful to industry as it is to the workforce. (2000年第15題)
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句。
譯文: 但是從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看,草率地解雇全職員工,既不利于職工,也有害于產(chǎn)業(yè)。
例句: The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result,radically higher standards of living. (選自2009年Text 3)
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句,句子主干是The findings of a research institution have shown that...。that workers...of living是have shown的賓語,workers是賓語從句的主語,謂語部分是can be trained,radically higher standards of living和radically higher productivity是achieve的并列賓語。
譯文: 一家研究機(jī)構(gòu)的研究結(jié)果一致表明,所有國(guó)家的工人都可以在崗位上接受培訓(xùn)以獲得極高的生產(chǎn)率,從而極大地提高生活水平。
例句: But we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us. (2010年第47題)
分析: 句子主干是we have drawn near the point。介詞短語of admitting that...作point的后置定語,that...從句作admit的賓語從句,regardless of...作讓步狀語。其中draw near意為“接近,靠近”;intrinsic right意為天生的(固有的)權(quán)利;economic advantage意為“經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢(shì)”。
譯文: 但是,我們至少已經(jīng)承認(rèn)了這樣一種觀點(diǎn): 不管鳥類對(duì)我們是否有經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,生存都是它們固有的權(quán)利。
(四)補(bǔ)足語
例句: A really powerful speaker can work up the feelings of the audience to the fever of excitement.
分析: 該句是簡(jiǎn)單句,介詞短語to the fever of excitement作賓語the feelings的補(bǔ)足語。
譯文: 一個(gè)真正有感召力的演講者能激起聽眾的激情。
例句: Observations were made of the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and first grade. (1996年第4題)
分析: 該句是簡(jiǎn)單句,本句的主動(dòng)形式為people made observations of the children...。短語make observations of意為“觀察、記錄某人某事”。
譯文: 觀察報(bào)告開頭是關(guān)于兒童的問題,結(jié)尾是關(guān)于學(xué)齡前兒童和小學(xué)一年級(jí)學(xué)生的問題。
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