第 1 頁:單項(xiàng)選擇題 |
第 3 頁:多項(xiàng)選擇題 |
第 4 頁:簡答題 |
第 7 頁:綜合題 |
三、簡答題(本題型共4小題,第1小題6分,第2小題8分,第3小題8分,第4小題8分。其中第1小題可以選用英文解答,如使用中文解答,最高得分為6分;如使用英文解答,該小題須全部使用英文,最高得分為11分。本題型最高得分為35分。)
39為了均衡衡量企業(yè)的業(yè)績,管理學(xué)家卡普蘭和諾頓提出了一種名為平衡計(jì)分卡的方法,它是一種平衡四個角度的衡量方法。
要求:
(1)說明平衡計(jì)分卡從哪四個角度衡量企業(yè)業(yè)績;
(2)請對四個角度各舉出最少2個驅(qū)動指標(biāo);
(3)說明平衡計(jì)分卡的作用。
參考解析:
(1)四個角度包括財(cái)務(wù)角度、顧客角度、內(nèi)部流程角度、創(chuàng)新與學(xué)習(xí)角度。
(2)財(cái)務(wù)角度的驅(qū)動指標(biāo)有利潤、銷售增長率、投資回報率以及現(xiàn)金流;顧客角度的驅(qū)動指標(biāo)包括市場份額、客戶保留率、新客戶開發(fā)率、客戶滿意度、交貨時間;內(nèi)部流程的驅(qū)動指標(biāo)有在新工作中與顧客相處的時間、每個雇員的收入、收益率、工程進(jìn)度完成率;創(chuàng)新與學(xué)習(xí)的驅(qū)動指標(biāo)有新產(chǎn)品占銷售的比例、雇員調(diào)查、主要員工保留率、員工能力評估和發(fā)展。
(3)平衡計(jì)分卡的作用包括:
、偈沟脗鹘y(tǒng)的績效管理從人員考核和評估的工具轉(zhuǎn)變成為戰(zhàn)實(shí)施的工具;
③使得領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者擁有了可以平衡長期和短期、內(nèi)部和外部,確保持續(xù)發(fā)展的管理工具;
、鼙蛔u(yù)為近75年來世界上最重要的管理工具和方法。
English answers:
(1)Four aspects include financial aspect,customer aspect,internal process aspect,
innovation and learnin9.
(2)The driving indexes of financial aspect include:profit,sales growth,investment rate of return and cash flow.The driving indexes of customer aspect include market share,customer retention rate,and successful rate of new customer development,customer satisfaction and time of delivery.The driving indexes of internal process include time to spend with customers in the new job,each employee’income,rate of progress,delivery time,and proj ect completion rate.The driving indexes of innovation and learning are percentage of new product sales,employee surveys,proportion of key employee retention,employee assessment a'nd development
(3)The functions of balanced scorecard include:
、買t makes traditional performance management to change from the tool of staff evaluation and assessment to the tool of strategy implementation;
②It makes the leader to own the management tool which overall arranges four key factors including strategy,staff,process and implementation;
、跧t makes the leader to own the management tool which may balance long term& short term,inside&outside and ensure sustainable development;
、躀t is praised as the most important management tool and method around the world over past 7 5 years.
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