�、鄯戳x對照在表示對照的上下文中，常包含有意義相反的詞語或概念，這些意義相反的概念可以互為線索，幫助我們猜度詞義。 常有以下一些信號詞：although，but，however，though，whereas，while，yet，on the contrary，on the other hand等。
　　例：Chimpanzees(猩猩) in the wild use simple objects as tools，but in laboratory situations they can use more sophisticated items.
　　Most dentists-offices are drab places，while Emilio’s new office is a bright，cheerful place.
　�、艽钆浼�合利用詞與詞的搭配或該詞所出現(xiàn)的語境，我們也能推知詞義的大概輪廓。例：
　　People gathered to look. Three fine streams of hot water sprouted from holes in the jacket(套，殼) of the radiator.
　　A man is watering his lawn just as an attractive，well dressed girl walked by. As he ogles her，he accidentally turns the hose on his ugly，dowdy wife.
　�、荼容^舉例上下文中的比較和舉例，能揭示比較物或列舉物之間的共性，我們可根據(jù)這些共性來推知有關(guān)詞語的意思。例：
　　The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area.
　　Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They also regard drinking as harmful.
　�、抟蚬麜r間因與果、時間的先與后都是事物發(fā)展變化過程中的必然關(guān)系，在利用上下文推測詞義時，這些關(guān)系也至關(guān)重要。例：
　　Robert is considered peremptory administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.
　　When Mark was in pedantic mood，he assumed the manner of a famous professor and gave long lectures on boring, insignificant topics.
　�、叱ＷR包括我們的生活經(jīng)歷、經(jīng)驗常識以及自己專業(yè)方面的知識，在閱讀到與自己專業(yè)相近的文章時，我們都會感到相對容易，這正是我們的專業(yè)知識在幫我們理解。例：
　　An apple falls down instead of up because of gravity.
　　An atomic clock is so precise that it can be used to check the accuracy of predictions based on Einstein’s relativity theories.

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