大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試綜合測(cè)試專項(xiàng)突破：完形填空

　　2003年1月

　　A language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds (語聲), and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication.

　　Let’s look at this 61 in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, 62 distinguishes man from the rest of the 63 world.

　　Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by 64 of cries: for example, many birds utter 65 calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter 66 cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. 67 these various means of communication differ in important ways 68 human language. For instance, animals’ cries do not 69 thoughts and feelings clearly. This means, basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that 70 us to divide a human utterance into 71.

　　We can change an utterance by 72 one word in it with 73: a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e.g., “tanks approaching from the north”, 74 who can change one word and say “aircraft approaching from the north” or “tanks approaching from the west”; but a bird has a single alarm cry, 75 means “danger!”

　　This is why the number of 76 that an animal can make is very limited: the great tit (山雀) is a case 77 point; it has about twenty different calls, 78 in human language the number of possible utterances is 79. It also explains why animal cries are very 80 in meaning.

　　61.A.classification B. definitionC.functionD.perception

　　62.A.that B. itC.asD.what

　　63.A.native B. humanC. physicalD. animal

　　64.A.ways B. meansC. methodsD. approaches

　　65.A.mating B. excitingC. warningD. boring

　　66.A.identical B. similarC. differentD. unfamiliar

　　67.A.But B.ThereforeC. AfterwardsD. Furthermore

　　68.A.about B. withC. fromD. in

　　69.A.infer B. explainC. interpretD. express

　　70.A. encourages B. enablesC. enforcesD. ensures

　　71.A.speeches B. soundsC. wordsD.voices

　　72.A. replacingB. spellingC. pronouncingD.saying

　　73.A.ours B. theirsC. anotherD. others

　　74.A.so B. andC. butD.or

　　75.A.this B.thatC.whichD.it

　　76.A.signs B.gesturesC.signalsD.marks

　　77.A.in B.atC. ofD.for

　　78.A.whereas B. sinceC. anyhowD.somehow

　　79.A.boundless B. changeableC. limitlessD. ceaseless

　　80.A.ordinary B. alikeC. commonD. general

　　【答案】：

　　61.B62.C63.C64.B65.C

　　66.C67.A68.C69.D70.B

　　71.C72.A73.C74.B75.C

　　76.C77.A78.A79.C80.B

　　【答案解析】：

　　61.B 此題考查普通詞匯。上文給出的明顯是語言的定義，因此，答案選definition。

　　62.C 此題考查的語法點(diǎn)是定語從句。從空缺前的逗號(hào)可以推斷出，這是個(gè)非限定性定語從句，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，能作為非限定性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的只有as，表達(dá)“正如語言將人類和其他物質(zhì)區(qū)分開來的一樣。”

　　63.C 此題考查上下文理解。語言將人和物質(zhì)世界的其他物質(zhì)區(qū)分開來。

　　64.B 此處考查固定搭配，by means of表示“通過……方式或途徑”。因此，選B。

　　65.C 此處考查詞匯和上下文理解，在危險(xiǎn)來臨之際，鳥兒們發(fā)出的應(yīng)該是警告聲。故選warning。

　　66.C 從后文可得知，猴子能通過聲音表達(dá)憤怒、恐懼和高興。由此推斷可知，猴子發(fā)出的叫聲應(yīng)該是不同的。故選C。

　　67.A 此處考查介詞及上下文理解，作者旨在拿動(dòng)物發(fā)出的聲音和人類的語言進(jìn)行比較。前文敘述動(dòng)物也能發(fā)出不同的聲音，這里說的是動(dòng)物的交流方式與人類語言在幾個(gè)重大的方面是不同，前后文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選but。

　　68.C 此處考查固定搭配：differ from(與……不同)。

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