明師指導(dǎo)：考研英語語法難點(diǎn)精析

語法難點(diǎn)精析之五：含義因有無冠詞而迥異的短語

at play 在玩

at the play 在看戲

behind time 遲到

behind the times 落在時代后

by day 在白天

by the day 按日計(jì)算

by sea 乘船

by the sea 在海邊

in front of 在...(外面的)前面

in the front of 在...(內(nèi)部的前面)

in charge of 看護(hù),負(fù)責(zé)

in the charge of 由...看護(hù),由...負(fù)責(zé)

in secret 秘密地(作狀語)

in the secret 知道內(nèi)情(作表語)

in course of 在...過程中(作表語\后置定語)

in the course of 在...期間(作狀語)

in red 穿著紅衣服

in the red 負(fù)債,赤字

of age 成年

of an age (歲數(shù))同年

on fire 著火

on the fire 在考慮中

on occasion 不時地;必要時

on the occasion 在那時

out of question 毫無疑問

out of the question 不可能

to death 十分

to the death 到最后

five of us 我們中的五人(部分)

the five of us 我們五個人(全部)

a yellow and white cat 一只黃白相間的貓

a yellow and a white cat 一只黃貓和一只白貓

in a faimly way 象一家人一樣

in the family way 懷孕

die of cold 凍死

die of a cold 感冒而死

have words with 與...爭吵

have a word with 與...略談

keep house 管理家務(wù)

keep the house 守在家里

take rest 就寢

take a reat 休息一下

take place 發(fā)生

take the place of 代替

語法難點(diǎn)精析之六：用to do還是of doing作后置定語

不同的名詞,對這兩種后置定語的選擇是有區(qū)別的,有的只能用to do,有的只可用of doing,有的兩種都可以.現(xiàn)分述如下:

⑴will, willingness, suggestion, conclusion, decision, permission, agreement, refusal, determination, proposal, resolution等,一般用不定式作后置定語.

如:

Mary has the will to win the first prize.(不用of winning)

瑪麗有獲得一等獎的決心.

He has drawn a conclusion to go abroad with his family.(不用of winning)

他已作出了攜家去國外的決定.

⑵hope, risk, possibility, impossibility, probability, intention, prospect, responsiblility, aim等,一般只能用of doing作后置定語.

如:

In fact,tere is no hope of their winning the game.

事實(shí)上,他們沒有希望贏得這場比賽.(不能說for them to win)

He will run the risk of losing his life to save the child.

他將冒生命危險(xiǎn)去救那個孩子.

⑶way, chance, need, necessity, right, freedom, power, opportunity,ability等,既可用不定式短語,又可用of doing短語作后置定語.

如:

Their chance to go(of ging) abroad was lost.

他們失去了出國的機(jī)會.

He has the right to do (of doing) that.

他有權(quán)那樣做.