4 碰到不認(rèn)識(shí)的生詞怎么辦？ 考生最害怕在閱讀中碰到生詞，而在閱讀時(shí)，遇到生僻的單詞是不可避免的。如果一見到生詞就不知所措，就必然會(huì)影響到對(duì)文章的理解。如果遇到這種情況，可以根據(jù)情況用不同的方法來解決問題。要是不認(rèn)識(shí)的生詞對(duì)理解文章的關(guān)系不大，就可以跳過去不管它；譬如這樣一例：Some birds can swim on the water. A few, like the penguin and puffin, can also swim under water. 我們只需知道penguin 和puffin是兩種鳥就行了，不必將它們的具體名稱弄個(gè)一清二楚。
閱讀中經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到一些專有名詞（包括人名、地名、組織機(jī)構(gòu)名稱等），一般都可以不作計(jì)較，必要的時(shí)候，用X、Y的字母代替它們就行了。以2003年閱讀Text 4為例，文章出現(xiàn)了若干復(fù)雜的人名、職務(wù)名：Colorado governor Richard Lamm, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone, Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, C. Everett Koop，而且后面的提問與其中的一個(gè)人有關(guān)，我們分別記為Mr. L, Mr. R, Mr. O, Mr. K 即可，這樣便省去了不必要的糾纏。
當(dāng)然，如果遇到的生詞影響到了你對(duì)文章的理解，特別是作為考點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在問題里，就要試著根據(jù)上下文、構(gòu)詞法或從句中認(rèn)識(shí)的詞中去猜測生詞的意思，盡可能通過鄰近你所熟悉的詞的關(guān)系來了解該詞在句中的作用和詞義。如2003年閱讀Part B 中的"Anthropology"一詞，要求翻譯出來。雖說超綱了，但根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法和上下文其含義已經(jīng)解釋得十分清楚："Anthropology" derives from the Greek words anthropos "human" and logos "the study of." 由此我們得知 "Anthropology"一詞源于希臘詞語anthropos（人類）和 logos（…研究）。要是還沒有把握，再多看一句就更萬無一失了：By its very name, anthropology encompasses the study of all humankind.（用這一名稱，“人類學(xué)”包括了對(duì)整個(gè)人類的研究。）
翻譯與語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用的答題技巧見05年真題講解 附：05年真題 Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points)
The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million.
Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough.
The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.
1. ［A］although ［B］as ［C］but ［D］while
2. ［A］above ［B］unlike ［C］excluding ［D］besides
3. ［A］limited ［B］committed ［C］dedicated ［D］confined
4. ［A］catching ［B］ignoring ［C］missing ［D］tracking
5. ［A］anyway ［B］though ［C］instead ［D］therefore
6. ［A］even if ［B］if only ［C］only if ［D］as if
7. ［A］distinguishing［B］discovering ［C］determining［D］detecting
8. ［A］diluted ［B］dissolved ［C］determining［D］diffused
9. ［A］when ［B］since ［C］for ［D］whereas
10. ［A］unusual ［B］particular ［C］unique ［D］typical
11. ［A］signs ［B］stimuli ［C］messages ［D］impulses
12. ［A］at first ［B］at all ［C］at large ［D］at times
13. ［A］subjected ［B］left ［C］drawn ［D］exposed
14. ［A］ineffective ［B］incompetent ［C］inefficient［D］insufficient
15. ［A］introduce ［B］summon ［C］trigger ［D］create
16. ［A］still ［B］also ［C］otherwise ［D］nevertheless
17. ［A］sure ［B］sick ［C］aware ［D］tired
18. ［A］tolerate ［B］repel ［C］neglect ［D］notice
19. ［A］availabe ［B］reliable ［C］identifiable［D］suitable
20. ［A］similar to ［B］such as ［C］along with ［D］aside from
