水木艾迪：考研英語閱讀理解沖刺之新題型

    在一篇約500詞的文章中給了5個小標題，這些小標題一般是文章中段落或的論點或概括句，要求考生從后面6個選項中選出與論點相匹配的論據(jù)或者例子。
   考題特點：根據(jù)標題選論據(jù)或例子。

　　解題方法
　　1.先讀材料后答題
　　有的考生可能已經(jīng)養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，喜歡先看后面的選項，然后帶著問題再閱讀文章。這種答題方法很顯然不適合這種新題型，原因很簡單，那就是選項中的文字可能比文章的文字少不了多少，選項。讀完后也記不住多少。所以，最好的辦法是，略讀文章沒有題目的部分，細讀后面的選項，然后再根據(jù)小標題一一和選項對照。
　　2.先看標題后看選項
　　通讀完材料之后，考生就可以開始答題了，但這時也要注意先后順序�？忌鷳�(yīng)先看小標題，然后再根據(jù)標題所表達的含義到選項中去找對應(yīng)的闡述部分。在理解全文大意的前提下，我們很容易理解并記住小標題的意思，在備選的選項中去一一對照就比較容易了。做完一道題之后再按同樣的方法繼續(xù)下去。
　　3.概括選項含義，提煉中心思想
　　有的選項可能文字較多，這時考生應(yīng)概括段落的中心思想，必要時用漢語迅速地把它記下來。同時，可以將重要的句子劃出來，整合之后再與前面的小標題一一對照。
　　4.熟悉論證手段，抓住內(nèi)涵不放
　　前文已經(jīng)論述了段落展開的幾種手段，考生應(yīng)對他們有一個大概的了解。出題者可以對其中的任何一種手段進行考查。所以，只要考生熟悉這些段落擴展手段并能對段落進行綜合概括，在考試時就能既快又準地找到答案。

例：

Directions:
You are going to read a text about the tips on resume writing, followed by a list of examples. Choose the best example from the list A-F for each numbered subheading (41-45).There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points) 

The main purpose of a resume is to convince an employer to grant you an interview. There are two kinds. One is the familiar “tombstone” that lists where you went to school and where you’ve worked in chronological order. The other is what I call the “functional” resume－descriptive, fun to read, unique to you and much more likely to land you an interview. 

It’s handy to have a “tombstone” for certain occasions. But prospective employers throw away most of those unrequested “tombstone” lists, preferring to interview the quick rather than the dead.

What follows are tips on writing a functional resume that will get read－a resume that makes you come alive and look interesting to employers. 

41.Put yourself first:
In order to write a resume others will read with enthusiasm, you have to feel important about yourself. 

42.Sell what you can do, not who you are:
Practice translating your personality traits, character, accomplishments and achievements into skill areas. There are at least five thousand skill areas in the world of work.

Toot your own horn!

Many people clutch when asked to think about their abilities. Some think they have none at all! But everyone does, and one of yours may just be the ticket an employer would be glad to punch－if only you show it. 

43.Be specific, be concrete, and be brief!
Remember that “brevity is the best policy.” 

44.Turn bad news into good:
Everybody has had disappointments in work. If you have to mention yours, look for the positive side. 

45.Never apologize:

If you’ve returning to the work force after fifteen years as a parent, simply write a short paragraph(summary of background)in place of a chronology of experience. Don’t apologize for working at being a mother; it’s the hardest job of all. If you have no special training or higher education, just don’t mention education. 

The secret is to think about the self before you start writing about yourself. Take four or five hours off, not necessarily consecutive, and simply write down every accomplishment in your life, on or off the job, that made you feel effective. Don’t worry at first about what it all means. Study the list and try to spot patterns. As you study your list, you will come closer to the meaning: identifying your marketable skills. Once you discover patterns, give names to your cluster of accomplishments(leadership skills, budget management skills, child development skills etc.)Try to list at least three accomplishments under the same skills heading. Now start writing your resume as if you mattered. It may take four drafts or more, and several weeks, before you’ve ready to show it to a stranger(friends are usually too kind)for a reaction. When you’ve satisfied, send it to a printer; a printed resume is far superior to photocopies. It shows an employer that you regard job hunting as serious work, worth doing right. Isn’t that the kind of person you’d want working for your? 

［A］A woman who lost her job as a teacher’s aide due to a cutback in government funding wrote:“Principal of elementary school cited me as the only teacher’s aide she would rehire if government funds became available.” 
［B］One resume I received included the following: “invited by my superior to straighten out our organization’s accounts receivable. Set up orderly repayment schedule, reconciled accounts weekly, and improved cash flow 100 per cent. Rewarded with raise and promotion.” Notice how this woman focuses on results, specifies how she accomplished them, and mentions her reward－all in 34 words. 
［C］For example, if you have a flair for saving, managing and investing money, you have money management skills. 
［D］An acquaintance complained of being biased when losing an opportunity due to the statement“Ready to learn though not so well educated”. 
［E］One of my former colleagues, for example, wrote resumes in three different styles in order to find out which was more preferred. The result is, of course, the one that highlights skills and education background. 
［F］A woman once told me about a cash-flow crisis her employer had faced. She’d agreed to work without pay for three months until business improved. Her reward was her back pay plus a 20 percent bonus. I asked why that marvelous story wasn’t in her resume. She answered, “It wasn't important.” What she was really saying of course was “I’m not important.”